{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/1c1td9pz3m/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["1995, 12-22 Vera Aginski 01 [ENHANCED]"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/184/original/ijhs2_logo.png?1629814295","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Janice Rosenberg","Vera (Greenblatt) Aginsky"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1995-12-22"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["Vera (Greenblatt) Aginsky recounts her family life in the Belarussian city, Minsk, and how her father tried to teach her Yiddish and Judaism. Her father later was arrested and served 18 months in Siberia. Another fervent Zionist tried to recruit her and gave her Leonard Schroeter's book, The Last Exodus, which she brought with her to America. Her husband, Gennady, convinced her to leave Minsk; she saw it as a sacrifice for the children. She tells of their leaving, journey to America, and beginnings in Des Moines."]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["MPEG-4"]}},{"label":{"en":["Keyword"]},"value":{"en":["Italy","Israel","Family History","New Virginia IA","Luba Aginsky","Education","Immigration","Alexander Greenblatt","Austria - Vienna","Poland","Drake University","Josh Engman","Susan Sandler","Zionism","Nadia (Aginsky) Varshavsky","Jewish Holidays","Hias","KGB","Debora Markovitch","Simone Soria","Belarus - Minsk","Antisemitism","Liya Perlamuter","Gennady Aginsky","Leopold Greenblatt","Art Fine"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["TheirStory"]}}],"summary":{"en":["Vera (Greenblatt) Aginsky recounts her family life in the Belarussian city, Minsk, and how her father tried to teach her Yiddish and Judaism. Her father later was arrested and served 18 months in Siberia. Another fervent Zionist tried to recruit her and gave her Leonard Schroeter's book, The Last Exodus, which she brought with her to America. Her husband, Gennady, convinced her to leave Minsk; she saw it as a sacrifice for the children. She tells of their leaving, journey to America, and beginnings in Des Moines."]},"provider":[{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Iowa Jewish Historical Society"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Iowa Jewish Historical Society"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/184/original/ijhs2_logo.png?1629814295","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - open-uri20251201-428871-xp94be.mp4"]},"duration":5455.33867,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-jewishdesmoines.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/297/977/original/open-uri20251201-428871-xp94be.mp4?1764603172","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mp3","duration":5455.33867,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["TheirStory Transcript (Paragraphs with Speakers) [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e Testing. Testing one, two, three. It is December 22nd Friday and Vera Glinsky's home in Des Moines, Iowa, 1995. Vera, could you tell me about your childhood, your background and your or tell me about your history a little bit? Okay,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=6.24,31.08"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e so I was born in 1950, in Minsk, which is the capital of Belorussia and in a Jewish family. But, uh, being born in Russia, in Russia, building Belorussia, building communism and socialism, I kind of was deprived, really, of the opportunity of being Jewish. But in my early childhood, I remember it very well before going to school. And my father was the only kind of the only person in the family who wanted who continued being Jewish. And my mother, just looking back now at those times, I could see, could say that my mother was kind of spoiled by the communist propaganda and way of life. So she she was not doing like my father was. And he was trying to teach me Yiddish, not Hebrew. It was Yiddish. And I could speak, not speak, but I could answer simple questions I could read, which I cannot do now, just I forgot everything, and I could sing a lot of songs. And I still remember some of the words of some of the songs. And I remember always like old people, sometimes coming guests coming to our house. And I was always performing and singing songs in Yiddish, and everybody was crying because this was something which was not supposed to be in the country. But when I went to school, I was always a good student and studying a lot. And so kind of we stopped. He stopped teaching me the language and and again, being pioneer Komsomol and so on, being involved in this way of life. So kind of I knew a little bit Yiddish and learned it before going to school. And then I still have some notebooks. I brought here some valuable, precious things from my childhood to this country, and I had to make choices because we were supposed to come with two suitcases per person. So. But I still have some books which my father was writing for me, like dictionaries, the phrase in Yiddish, and then translation in Russian. Oh, really? So I have some somewhere here I have, I brought some of the books, notebooks that he did for me. And so so this was my kind of a little bit of Jewish education that I had in early childhood. But","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=31.52,166.99"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S3:\u003c/strong\u003e could I ask a question? Um,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=167.51,169.11"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e what did you do for Jewish holidays? Do you remember? No,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=169.11,171.99"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e we didn't have any Jewish holidays. Holidays? And it was really dangerous and it was not supposed to be done. But","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=172.03,179.16"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S3:\u003c/strong\u003e how dangerous was it? What happened? Uh,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=180.08,182.44"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e so you know about the rest of my father in 1961. So, like, my father was celebrating and was doing everything but kind of secretly, he and I just now looking back at those times and being much wiser and much more comprehensive, I am very sorry that I didn't understand many things then at those times, and I'm sorry I cannot change anything and go back in those times and kind of say some words to my father. He cannot hear me, but he felt that we kind of he felt that it's rather dangerous for us and that we won't understand him so much. So he was doing it. He was a very kind of a man in himself as well. He was not very open, and this was his kind of comprehension of what he is supposed to do. I don't know, it's difficult to say, but he was doing a lot of things, but secretly on his own. And he was meeting people and he was doing some pro-Israeli activities. He was listening to the radio of Voice of America and to the Voice of Israel, and they were distributing some printed materials. So in 1969, when I was 19, once, only one time, he though when I though when I was growing up, like at the age of 16 or 17, he tried to involve me a little bit into some things that he was doing. And in 1969, when I was. When I was 19, he they were celebrating Passover. It was the end of April. And I remember that he was arrested the 30th of April or something close. So it was somewhere in April. And so he took me to the celebrations, and it was a some old man's house with only old people there just because young people were never involved in all those and we were doing nothing. We were just eating Jewish food and some prayers like, like Passover should be. And he just wanted me to see how it is done. And it was the only time he took me there. But nobody knew of those old people gathered. I was the youngest, and there was one man at the age of somewhere in his 40s, and he was an activist of Jewish movement. And he was he spent all of his life in Stalin's camps. And","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=182.44,321.47"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S3:\u003c/strong\u003e you know his name? Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=321.51,322.51"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Anatoly Rubin. And he is very active in Israel now. And there's a lot in this book written about him. They can tell it about him, too. So he was we were the only kind of young people there. And but nobody knew that there was an agent of KGB pretending, being Jewish or maybe being Jewish. And so just a couple of days after this, my father was arrested. And the first reason was the celebration of Jewish holiday, and though nothing was done there, but he was kind of charged with anti-Soviet and pro-Israeli kind of speeches there, though nothing was said. And then they made a search at home, and it was very scary. They just threw everything out of wardrobes. Just everything was turned upside down and they found some materials. And my father kind of was feeling that something should happen because they were printing some, some speech from which was heard from the Voice of America, some letter to a friend. I don't know what was it, but I remember that name, the A letter to a friend, it was called, and the typist lost it. She said, I lost it, that reality, she didn't lose it and she should have taken everything out of home. But he hid all the materials behind the stove, which was very easy to find. So everything was found, but which was not a big deal, but still some materials which were considered by the government Element anti-Soviet or pro-Israeli. Then they confiscated a map of Israel, which was considered a crime, to have a map of Israel. Then there were a couple of books, uh, stories by Israeli writers which were published in Russia, but still it was considered to be a dangerous book. And then there were a couple of dictionaries or textbooks to study Hebrew. He was studying Hebrew, usually at night when everybody goes to bed. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=322.55,432.18"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S3:\u003c/strong\u003e by himself or by himself. Though,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=432.22,436.1"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e he knew that he will never go to Israel. So it was tragic, kind of. But he was studying the language every day. He was retired. I was a late child, so he didn't work. What","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=436.14,446.5"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S3:\u003c/strong\u003e is your father's name? Leopold.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=446.5,448.5"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Leopold Greenblatt. Leopold","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=448.78,451.54"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S3:\u003c/strong\u003e Greenblatt. Okay. Go ahead. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=451.54,455.1"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e and so. He was arrested, and they were. And I was just lucky because they were interrogating every person being there who was this young girl. Well, and some people didn't know and some people just didn't say my name. If they mentioned my name, I just entered the university, the institute, which is kind of university there, and I would be just kicked out of there. I will be just I will just lose all my rights and all my opportunities for the future. So but since then, like maybe for, for a couple of years, I always had somebody following me and I knew and I just knew that some. So every step, all the telephone conversations, every step in our life was watched. Did","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=455.34,497.83"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S3:\u003c/strong\u003e they take. Your","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=497.83,498.35"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e father away? So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=498.35,499.55"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e he was arrested. Yeah. And he spent and he was. And he was at this at this time. He was 68. So it was kind of old, but he was very strong and healthy. So he was. Yeah. He was kept in prison for half a year. The process took place. And then he was convicted to a year and a half of work in Siberian camps, and he was working on construction and doing difficult physical labor, and he survived. And this Anatoli Rubinov, who was there, who was very much scared by my father's arrest because he knew what is what the camps mean, and he didn't want to get their back. But everybody was kind of highly appreciative of my father because nobody was arrested after him. So he didn't give any names, which was very good of him because and it was mentioned in this book, too. So just nobody in Minsk was arrested after him. So and this Anatoli managed to get a permission to leave the country. And I have never seen a happiest man when he came to our home. Say goodbye to us. My father was still under arrest. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=499.55,566.53"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e how did he get permission to leave? I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=566.53,568.89"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S4:\u003c/strong\u003e don't know. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=568.89,570.05"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e he had an invitation. So this was. They just wanted maybe to get rid of this dangerous people because, you know, so. And I haven't heard from him, but I heard from some people that he was he had a very high kind of position there. Some were even in the government or somewhere. In","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=570.05,588.5"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e Israel. In","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=588.5,589.1"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Israel. And I have my cousin from Riga who left at the same time, the same period of time when my father was not here. They came to Minsk as well to say goodbye to us. And he's very often mentioned in this book. He was a real activist of, um, of the Jewish movement in Riga, in Latvia, and he's in Israel now, and his wife is kind of working for the immigration services for Russia. And they often visit Moscow. And the first time when I went with my students to Russia, I met them in Moscow, which is crazy. I've never seen them for more than 20 years. But when I went on a visit, they were just in Moscow. And my cousins who live in Moscow, kind of arranged our meeting, which is strange and shows that the world is very small. Tell","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=589.1,638.14"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e me about that book. The name and the author and the. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=638.14,641.64"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e it's the last Exodus. And the author is Leonard Schroeter. Schroeter. Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=641.68,648.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e And","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=648.64,648.84"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e it was published in New York in 1978. 74.  when I was so the last ten years of my life, I worked at a high school teaching French.  there was one of the parents, there was a small boy whom I didn't teach, but one of the parents, Jewish parents, a young man kind of got acquainted with me, and he was an activist of Jewish movement in Minsk.  he was trying to influence me and trying to explain me what is happening in the country.  he was he was very he was an Orthodox Jew. I don't know how he managed. He was keeping kosher, which I had no idea of.  he was maybe in his early 30s, and I was in my late 30s, something maybe ten years or late. Less difference between us. But he was just visiting me every day, Just talking to me and kind of inviting, invited me and my husband to his place.  he was very much indignant when I was saying something positive about the country.  he was always telling me, how can you do it when they arrested your father and when they did such things? If I were you, I would have just a minute and left the country after that which happened.  so and then he he was given he often met with some Americans and Israelis who were coming, not officially at that time, to Russia, to Minsk.  he somebody gave him this book, and he read the book, and he saw the name of my father.  so he was so much impressed that he just gave me this book as a present.  then he left the country maybe a year earlier than we or maybe less than a year.  I just don't can't I know that his first name is Ilya, and I couldn't remember his last name and just, I don't know. Did","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=648.84,755.95"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e he give you that book? He","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=755.95,757.19"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e gave me this book, and he. He went to New York, and I don't know where he is. And I would have looked for. And he was kind of at the end. He we didn't even it's kind of private story, but he was kind of felt indignant or offended that I don't understand him so much, what he's trying to bring to me and maybe thought me too silly and too maybe patriotic and too much devoted, devoted, dedicated to the country and not understanding what is really happening and not maybe supporting his ideas. And so he was angry and he left being angry, so he never got back to us. What","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=757.19,801.47"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e happened to your father? So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=801.47,803.39"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e he was he spent in the Siberian camps this year and a half. And he returned home and he managed. He survived. And he was going home. He felt himself a hero. Kind of. He. He shaved his head as if he was there. And he came in all those clothes from the camp. And then he was very much struck negatively. He was. I remember I went to Moscow to meet him, and we went together by train from Moscow to Minsk, and we were just we were lived on the fifth floor without elevator, and we were climbing the stairs, and we met 2 or 3 neighbors, and nobody wanted to say hello to him. Just on the way back when we were going with the suitcases, just coming back. And so it was just a negative shock. And when he came back, so we lost maybe 80% of the acquaintances. People didn't want to continue relationship. So he was and he and I'm sure that having read later about all the tortures of interrogations and what was done there, and especially for him not saying anything, I imagine that he was tortured physically a lot because he just closed his mouth forever. So first kind of he was joyful. He is coming back and having seen that, nobody wants to continue relationship with him. And after I just thinking back, I imagine that he it was very difficult. Those two years were extremely difficult for him and so he closed his mouth forever. Maybe he he continued studying Hebrew till the end of his life and but still he maybe he did something, but we've never heard and he never told us anything, and he never involved us into anything. And I understand now because he had two girls and girls. I usually have kind of longer tongues than anybody else. And he tells me and then I'll tell to my friend and anything else. And I never told none of my girlfriends knew that he is under arrest. I told him he went to his sister to Moscow. How","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=803.39,930.71"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e old were you when he passed away? So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=930.71,933.83"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e it was 82. So I was already 32. Luba was born. Luba was born. And Luba was half a year old. And he died of cancer. He was very strong, and it was very difficult for him to lose all his strength. Step by step. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=933.83,947.19"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e he never came to America? No. And","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=947.19,949.95"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e he never knew. And he could never imagine what would happen. And so Luba was just born. Luba was six months when he died. Did","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=949.95,959.83"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e you continue any Jewish activity or did you resist it at. You were talking about your college years with, um, Celia. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=959.83,969.91"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e it was not. It was when I was working. So it was after my father's death that I got acquainted with him. And he tried to influence me, but maybe not successfully so. And through all my life, I just knew that I'm Jewish because I was. I had nicknames in my childhood all the time. What","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=969.95,987.56"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e were they? Just","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=987.56,988.6"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e anything. Just saying that all those terrible Jews. I don't want to make friends with them. Or when I would go to pioneer camp, like at the ages of like nine, ten, 11, they would give me a name, Sarah, because Sarah is a typical Russian Jewish name. And when I was getting a citizenship and they were asking about the second name, I was I just had this desire to make a second name, Sarah, like, you know, but then Nadia and my daughter said, like, you were not given second name. Why should you create in at the end of your life or in the middle of your life or whatever? So I didn't change my names, but so I just. And when I was entering the university Institute, he he was not arrested. I was lucky that I managed to enter before his arrest. It was just impossible. I wanted to be a doctor. And I never even tried to be a doctor, because I knew that it's closed for me. Because Jewish people could Have the doctor education like to be a doctor or some other, and to some other prestigious institute only if they have strong connections. Their parents have influence and connections. You understand what. I.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=988.6,1059.34"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Mean?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1059.34,1059.58"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, it was very difficult. I chose this institute, Foreign Languages, because I studied a specialized English school. So I kind of felt myself strong in this better than others because it was the first school opened in the city, and my parents too, kind of placed me there, and I was it was far away from my house. It was the first language specialized school, so it was much better than others. And but still I received all good grades. I was not in the list of students and my mother went to the government Communist party. You","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1060.22,1091.3"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e mean you weren't in the list of students? Oh,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1091.3,1093.18"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e you know, the exams are different there. They have entrance oral exams and all the exam professors examining you. They have a list of students to whom they need to put A's, whom they need to fail. And my last name, Greenblatt, just shows that it's I am Jewish. And when I was. And then there was a list of students who I admitted and I was not there, though I received three three A's and one B, which was a good results to B, and then B was for the composition for a written paper. And they. So my mother started going to all the government just everywhere, just screaming and crying and just doing whatever she could. And then first the dean told her she has the wrong last name. And being Jewish, we need we have the limit to 2%. We have them the two percentage. So you are kind of out of this 2 or 3 percentage of Jewish peoples which are supposed to be there. And then they opened my written paper and there was one comma missed. So and that's why I got a B. And so it was, it was a very hard situation. So a lot of work on the side of my parents. And then I was admitted as a candidate. So if some people fail, then I substitute. And then I was admitted after the first semester because I had all A's, and then I finished all my institute. It's called Institute there. What","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1093.42,1180.61"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e was the name of the institute? Institute","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1180.61,1182.01"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e of foreign language. The state pedagogical Institute of foreign languages, Minsk state pedagogical institute of foreign languages. And when I finished it, I had all A's. So it was on diploma with honor. And I could enter officially the graduate school without exams. Just conversation. And I tried five times to enter the graduate school. I was never admitted though. People who had B's and C's and so and I and then I made like not by correspondence, but I passed all the exams kind of without being graduate student, without being admitted to the graduate school. And then I had only to do the dissertation and thesis, and I couldn't find anybody who would want to be my director of the dissertation, because they knew that I will never be able to defend it. Being Jewish. So nobody dared. And then I abandoned this thought. But my father was always pushing me. And then after Nigel was born in several years, I tried again. And it was a failure again. And I just threw away this. How","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1182.01,1245.22"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e did you meet your husband? So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1245.22,1247.94"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e it was kind of, I would say prearranged, maybe. So I met him somewhere in, in some company where he was invited, and I was invited, and. Was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1248.46,1258.54"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e he Jewish? He","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1258.54,1259.54"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e was. Yeah. He was. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1259.54,1260.58"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e your parents? Maybe","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1260.58,1261.7"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e so. Yeah. Because my father was very much scared. Because my older sister married a Jewish man. And it was a big tragedy for him. And he was kind of very much scared that I will marry somebody non-Jewish, too. So he did everything he could So he tried to arrange several times, but not successfully. So he was very much worried. Yeah. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1262.06,1286.35"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e tell me about meeting your your husband and give us his name. And, um. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1286.39,1291.79"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e I can say that it was very successful marriage because we were different, but still. Yeah. The children are very good. So. So we met just in the company. It was somewhere in spring, and he kind of fell in love immediately. And he just proposed to get married immediately. And I just then summer passed, and so. And then he called again, and then I agreed. So we didn't meet for a long time. It was just we knew each other for several months only. But it seemed to me that he loves me very much. And I thought, it's the most important thing, so I don't know. And","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1292.43,1327.31"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e you had your first daughter when. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1327.31,1329.87"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e it was. So we had the wedding in December. Uh, 74, Four seven, 74, 75, 73. I'm sorry. December 7 to 3. And Nadia was born January 75th. So, like in a year, a little bit more. Who?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1330.03,1346.17"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e How did you get married? Was there anything Jewish about your wedding or. No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1346.21,1350.09"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e But we. So we had a wedding in the restaurant, and we invited a lot of all my friends. We had a rather big wedding for, for those times we had, like, more than 70 guests. 75 or something like this. But we had something, somebody like disc jockey or some. We had some orchestra, and there were Jewish people and they it was amazing at those times. And my, my father was very happy, but they played some Jewish songs and, uh, it was kind of a little bit there were some, some, some hints of Jewish wedding, not really Jewish, but at least the music for dances. There were several Jewish songs. Must","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1350.09,1390.77"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e have made your dad very happy. Yes. Wow. So? So tell me what your father did for a living. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1390.77,1398.94"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e he was an engineer, electrical engineer and engineers. And my mother was a teacher. And then my husband is an engineer, and I am a teacher, so it's kind of. But those are. So we had a very we can say that we were poor but just modest living because because of. When","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1398.94,1417.7"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e your father was arrested. Did was that financially hard on the family? Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1417.7,1422.98"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e So he was he was retired at that time, but he was a very good specialist. So he worked like being retired. In Russia, you are allowed to work for two months where you paid 100% of salary like you received your pension. Plus you get the salary for two months a year. And being a good specialist, he was asked by the company to work like once a week. And those two months were spread all over the year. But after his rest, of course they didn't allow him to work anymore. And in Russia, they make you retire, you know. He was strong and he could continue working, but he was kind of if you had the age of 60, you are supposed to retire. Somebody else needs to take your place. So otherwise he would continue working. So he was working like once a week, which counted like two months per year. And so but yes, it was difficult financially and but we managed. I remember that of course we were not eating meat, we were just eating bread and milk or something like this. But the education is free there. So and I was wearing one skirt and one sweater all through all the year round, because we didn't have money to buy anything else for the clothes, but we managed. Yeah, we survived, but it was difficult. How","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1423.02,1500.76"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e many brothers and sisters did you have? So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1500.76,1502.76"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e I have only one sister. You see, it's a second marriage for my parents because they all had families before the war. And we are after war children. So I was born in 50, my sister in 47. So they met after the war and my mother had a small baby, a year old, who died of pneumonia. So the war started and she had a year old baby. So. And her husband was killed in war and she lost everybody. And my father lost his wife. But he had a son who is almost the age of my mother, who is eight years younger. So he's in his early 70s. He's 70 or 71. I have a brother in Moscow, my father's son from his first marriage, Alexander Greenblatt. Do","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1502.76,1546.37"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e you see him when you go? When","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1546.37,1548.61"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e I go to Moscow, I see him. But we kind of didn't keep really family relationship when we were there. Yes. And he has a he had several marriages and he has a son from the last marriage who is like 15 maybe. And I only met him last time and he's such a nice boy. We continue correspondence and we are sending parcels to him. Or whenever somebody goes to Moscow, we're always sending something to him and he wants to come. And so I think I will do, I will try to help at least the boy. So he's a nice boy who is my kind of relative. That's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1548.61,1586.42"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e neat. Well, he's your nephew. Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1586.42,1588.38"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e So. But yeah. And my so my father's life was kind of. Yeah. So his older son married a Russian woman, too, and he threw him away from the home, which was not good of him. Because.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1588.38,1600.54"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e His","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1601.02,1601.26"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e oldest, this the son from the first marriage, he just married a Christian woman, not Jewish woman. And he was very angry with him and he kind of threw him away from. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1601.26,1614.9"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e your father passed on to your half brother the importance of Judaism even during. Yeah,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1614.9,1623.62"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e but he. Yes, but he he suffered a lot that his children are marrying, not Jewish people. So I was the last hope of his. So so my my parents met. And when, when the first child my sister was born, my father was already 46 and my mother was 15 years younger. So we were kind of late children. So they had only two children. Where","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1623.62,1649.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e is your sister now and what is her name? So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1649.04,1651.52"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e she's Deborah. She's living several blocks from here. So they came three years, December 14th. How","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1651.56,1659.36"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e did I miss this one? I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1659.36,1660.76"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e don't know. Deborah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1660.76,1663.4"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e What is her last name? Markovich.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1663.4,1664.76"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1665.64,1665.84"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e don't know her. 'd like to. So sorry. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1665.84,1669.2"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e they came December 14th. Three years with my mother. And my mother is here. But she lives behind target in this elderly housing apartments and. uh, yeah. So they lived for a while together and they didn't manage. And","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1669.2,1688.89"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e so what is your mother's name? Leah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1688.89,1692.01"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Leah. She didn't change her maiden name. It was very in fashion in Russia at that time. What","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1692.49,1699.09"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e is there again? So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1699.09,1701.37"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Leah Perlmutter. Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1701.41,1703.53"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e And how old is your mother now? 79.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1704.09,1706.61"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e She will be 18th March. She is okay physically, though. She had a cancer surgery already. Seems to me like maybe nine years ago. And, uh. But she's not okay. Not, uh, she's mentally she is not doing well. So she's very dependent on me. She's my third small baby, so she forgets everything. She still manages to live by herself, but she needs supervision. We'll","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1706.61,1734.05"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e come back to that, because that is a common problem of the many of the Russian families that have moved to Des Moines. They've brought their elderly parents with them, and they're kind of isolated and and and need a lot of care. Is there anything else you want to tell me about Minsk or your life there? Before we start talking about, um, your decision to come to America and how you came? So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1734.05,1761.47"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e maybe I should detail like proving that, really, we couldn't visit synagogue or couldn't kind of practice religion. I the school where I worked was located very close to the synagogue. And the younger Komsomol teachers, Komsomol members of the Komsomol. They were periodically sent to the synagogue to see who is the visitors there to see, to check whether maybe there were a couple of Jewish teachers at school, maybe 3 or 4 of us, and just checking whether the young people visit the synagogue or maybe educated by chance are there and so and they would come back and say, oh no, very old, only just very old people are there. And","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1761.51,1808.68"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e so the government kind of looked the other way if the very old people were doing it. And","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1808.68,1812.84"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e then by the way, one more thing. There was a place in Minsk where there was a Jewish ghetto in Minsk, and there was there is a place where a lot of Jewish people were killed during the war, the camp, the people who were in the concentration camp. And somewhere in late 70s or maybe early 80s, they finally erected a monument. And it was a big struggle of Jewish people. And I am sure my father actively participated in it, to just to make the government build the monument to commemorate the memory of those people who were killed there, because there are a lot of monuments in Minsk in honor of the soldiers who defended the country, or just the victims of fascism. But nothing was done with the Jewish people, and they were a big Jewish population in Minsk. And a lot of them, of course, left the city after the war started. But many of them didn't manage to do it and were in the camp and were killed there. And there is a big like a dig out or a hole, because really it was a hole in the ground. And then there is it's covered with stone and there is a monument which says in, in Hebrew and in Russian that yes, on this date, it seems to me 1943 or 44, this amount of Jewish people were killed here. And every day, every year, the 9th of May is a big holiday in Russia because this is a victory day. And usually on this day, people bring flowers to different monuments, to soldiers. Just mostly people are made to bring the flowers. It's kind of communist education. But to this monument, a monument. A lot of people went voluntarily to bring flowers, and I went there every year and with my children too. But I started doing it somewhere when I was somewhere in Middle Ages, and people would bring flowers and put flowers and what the government did. So there were some, some Jewish people who would like to make small speeches, but really speeches saying that the Jewish people participated actively in the war, that they were in the battlefields, that there were so many victims of the war and so many were in the concentration camps and so on. So nothing against the government or nothing. So what the government will do, they will wear a lot of police militiamen just surrounding. It's like a circle. So making a circle and just listening to everybody's conversation. And if somebody wants to say something, they would just interrupt and they would bring their own speaker who will just say patriotic, pro-communist speeches. And so a couple of years, there were just a lot of KGB agents and militia men just kind of protecting the security of the country, if you can say so. Just struggling with the Jewish people. And then they invented something else, which was just terrible. So they put a lot of microphones and a lot of music loud, such loud music that I just we cannot talk if we are standing close to each other so loud. Patriotic Communist music. Was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=1812.88,2000.92"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e only. On","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2000.92,2001.52"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e on the 9th of May. This was the the Victory Day. And it's kind of in the tradition of the country to commemorate the memory of those who are victims of the war of fascism. So they the last several years, they will just make such a loud music that just you cannot talk. And so people will silently come up, put flowers and leave or stand for like for half an hour or something like this. But when the first years when there was no music, they will just arrest or just put aside those people who would like to, to to say something. And like maybe the first couple of years when this tradition started, there were a couple of speeches and they were there was nothing in them, nothing anti-Soviet. But then they kind of got scared of all those dangerous elements in the society. So they found a good weapon just to put on very loud music and nobody will hear it. And so so this was another way of kind of struggling against it. Were","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2001.56,2067.62"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e you nervous to go to that monument? I mean, were you worried about something might happen sometimes when you went there? Uh,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2067.62,2074.86"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e no. Kind of, because I knew that I'm not making a speech or I'm not doing anything against. So I were always going there, and I was taking Nadya when she was a small girl. And children will put flowers. And we went there the last time before we left. So it was kind of at least small things that we could kind of show that we are Jewish to some extent. And when I went with my students last time, I took Nadia for the last two years ago, spring of 1994. So I took Nadia and she she's very kind of she suffered a lot of being Jewish, and I just suffered most of us. She was kind of all the time reproached of being Jewish. And I mentioned this to her. This is another thing which is important. And she wanted very much to visit this monument in synagogue. About","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2074.86,2121.55"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e how old is she when you're thinking of her right now? How old was she then? So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2121.55,2126.35"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e when she was suffering from being Jewish? Yes, she was. She was okay. She went to school at the age of six instead of seven because she was very capable. She could read from the age of five and she passed all the exams. And she was younger than other children, and she was shy by from nature and so and so just from the first grade when she went to school. So she's blonde. Her last name is Oginski, and it's kind of. It sounds Russian, so it's kind of difficult to decide. But people, children, there are very kind of cunning and very clever, if you can say clever in the, in their own way. So the journal which the teacher keeps at the end, the last page there is information about the family. And everywhere they put nationality, because religion and nationality are kind of mixed in Russia. And they put the she's Jewish and they if they are hesitating, if the child is Jewish or not, they will try to look at this last pages. And they just kind of clarified that she is Jewish, just from the very beginning of her life at school, and they just didn't want making friends. And she will go home and somebody behind will go and say, oh, those Jewish people. I don't want to make friends with them. And sometimes and she never she sometimes complained, if she will complain, I will come to school and just take this boy who will who was saying and just threatened him to death. He will be silent for a couple of days and then everything. But when we came to this country, she told me so many stories, terrible stories. And I read the she was writing kind of paper composition for school when she was at high school, and she wrote such terrible things there. So she. I'm","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2126.63,2225.58"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e still listening. I'm just checking. Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2225.58,2227.18"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e So she stories, did. She","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2227.82,2229.14"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e tell you what types. Of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2229.14,2230.22"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e things. So, so that just just just treating her miserably and telling her bad things about Jewish people and her being Jewish or using bad Russian scolding bad words? Did","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2230.22,2243.06"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e she have any Jewish friends at school? No. She","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2243.06,2245.58"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e was in the musical school and I don't know. And this was kind of the area or maybe the inclination which she she was in the musical. There are a lot of schools which have some specialization inclination, if you can say so, I don't know. There were no Jewish people in her class. She was alone. For me, it was easier when I was studying. There were several Jewish people in our class, so she was alone and shy and younger than others. So you can imagine how much that's why she she became even more shy. If you remember when she came here, she just wouldn't lift her eyes. Now she is much better. So she was just just, just just afraid of everything. So she kind of gained most of us coming to this country. So she she just suffered a lot. And when we went to which I started telling before, when we went to Russia to in 94 and I took her with me, she didn't want to go. She had divorced from innocence and she doesn't want to help any Russian here. By the way, when there are Russians who are coming now on business or something and they want volunteers, sometimes she will never go if they pay her money. Okay? She doesn't want to deal with those people. She doesn't want to help them. By no means. She doesn't want to make friends with those who come. Not Jewish, who just come on business. She knows that who comes here so she doesn't want to deal with them. And when we went with the students two years ago, she just. She insisted. And. Okay, I took the students everywhere because it's dangerous. We didn't have free time, so I took all the students. We went to this monument and she bought flowers. We put flowers to this monument of the Jewish people. And we went to the synagogue and she donated $15, which was a lot for her. And but synagogue now looks better because it's, uh, but still it's it's maybe like this living room for the city of a million and a half people, but Jewish population, I don't know more than Des Moines, I'm sure. Or at least like in Des Moines. In Des Moines, it seems to be more, I'm not sure, but it looks nicer now and it's clean. And so only before, before we were leaving the country, like a couple of late 80s, they started visiting synagogue and something. After we left, I was receiving letters that kind of Jewish education and being Jewish is kind of a little sounds a little bit better. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2245.58,2395.9"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e people are able to. Were","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2395.9,2397.38"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e able to start going to go to the synagogue and but still. I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2397.42,2403.42"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e have a question and we'll go as far as we can on this tape. And this is for people who don't know. And my. This was something new to me a while back. People don't realize that the Holocaust, um, affected the Jews in Russia, too. They think of Germany and Poland and Lithuania and they don't think of Minsk. Um.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2403.46,2427.06"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e Uh,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2427.86,2428.06"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e tell me, was it named Minsk then? And what happened to the Jews in Minsk during World War two? So,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2428.06,2433.26"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e like, judging by the stories of my mother. So the. So the war started on the night of night of from 21st to 22nd of June 1941. And so they started Minsk is very close to the to the state border. And my mother. Poland.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2433.3,2451.4"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2451.68,2451.8"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Poland. Just or border of the Soviet Union. And so they so Minsk was bombarded just the next day after the war started. But like my mother tells me that she had a small baby and her, her father and the mother of her husband, and they were told that fascists are approaching the city and just leave as whatever. Just leave as fast as you can. And she said they didn't take anything. They just left. They didn't even return to their. So she was she was somewhere in the street when this alarm sounded. And some somebody came to this like in the basements of the houses. They had this, you know, like the where everybody had to hide. When the. Hiding.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2451.84,2496.93"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2497.29,2497.69"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e And somebody came and said. Everybody leaves the city as fast as you can. And so they just didn't have any documents. They didn't have any money, just nothing. Whatever they had on themselves, they just left. She says, like her father told her, if we come back to the apartment and try to find something, we'll never leave the city. So they left on foot. And then some. There were some cars and some somebody picked them up and they managed to. So they were just alone. And she said she never felt herself as poor as that. And they will visit villages and they will give them food because she had a baby. Some women gave them milk and she had some rings which she exchanged, exchanged for bread. And so they managed to reach somewhere. The euro step by step. The area of Ural Mountains. And then they were kind of established there. And she taught. She taught through all the evacuations. She was a teacher of physics, so she was working in the military plant at night and teaching in the daytime, or vice versa, I'm not sure. So they were just leaving the city on foot, and whoever managed left, whoever didn't, they were just left in the city. And there was a concentration camp in Minsk. Two. What","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2497.73,2572.55"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e was the was there a name of that camp or was it the Minsk camp? I'm","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2572.55,2576.51"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e not sure if I could maybe look for this. I'm not sure. I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2576.51,2580.11"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e can look for it too. But","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2580.11,2581.95"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e there were a lot of Jewish people killed. Several thousand or tens of thousands in Minsk. And","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2581.99,2590.31"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e Minsk used to be a huge Jewish city. Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2590.59,2593.27"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e And there were a lot of small Jewish towns in Belorussia which disappeared during the war. So just those who had cars or managed to get into trains, some people managed to get into trains. They left. But those who just try to get the properties or something. They couldn't leave the country because they were fascists. Were in Minsk just the second or third day of the war. Your","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2593.31,2621.96"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e mother's first husband, was he killed as a soldier? Yes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2621.96,2624.88"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e he was. He was mobilized just the first day of the war. He was in the army. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2624.88,2630.6"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e was your mother traveling alone up to the Ural Mountains? Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2630.64,2633.76"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e It was. It was two old people, a baby and two old people. Her father and the husband's mother. And her father died in evacuation. Out of because of heart attack. Her baby died of pneumonia. And her husband's mother came back with her. And I still remember her. She lived till after 90 years, but she lost all her children. So she kept still in touch with my mother. And she visited us when I was a small baby. A small girl, maybe. She died when I was maybe 7 or 8 years of age. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2633.8,2665.16"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e what was her name? Just do you remember? Doesn't matter. That's just curious, um, where we're at at the end of the tape. Let's stop here. Okay. It's December 22nd on Friday in Des Moines, Iowa. Karaginsky. This is the second side, Vera. I forgot to ask you your birth date and how old you are today. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2665.44,2728.11"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e I was born on January 27th, 1950. So I'm 45, 46. But it seems to me that I am still 25 or 26. Me","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2728.15,2739.59"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e too. I know. Um, how was it that you came to America? What events led you? So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2739.59,2747.71"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e there was kind of a new way of living the country in late 80s. So there was there were several waves of leaving the country, but kind of in the 70s, we couldn't do it because neither was born in 75, and I was terribly ill. After this, I was just the victim of Russian medicine. I was just dying. I was dying for a year. It's a long story. It's not for the Jewish history. But I just started taking care of her when she was a year. So I was just. Just dying for a year, and then I. Nobody knows why I survived. Nobody expected me to live. So I was then I started even working and everything was okay. More or less. And they never allowed me to have Luba. And after Luba, I was completely okay. So. But, uh. So we just couldn't even think of anything. So just everybody was taking care of me and just not thinking of anything. And so. And then kind of the doors were closed for a while, and then, uh, my father was ill and Luba was born, and so we kind of couldn't even think of anything. But, uh, then there was a wave of immigration in the late 80s when the doors kind of opened, but still, um, so it was the to tell the truth, it was the decision of my husband, and he was very persistent, and I was very kind of reluctant and didn't want. I loved my work. I loved my city. And it was kind of scary. And, I don't know, I was crying a lot. It was very tragic for me, but it was done very quickly at that time. I remember we applied the end of April and we left the country the middle of August. So we didn't have any time to think. And in meanwhile, I had to finish my work and to pack and to do all the visas and documents and everything. So it was so fast, done so fast that I couldn't, didn't have enough time to fill the to fill. So tragic as I was feeling, you know, because it was extremely fast. So so of course it was. I felt it as a big sacrifice because I was doing it for the for the sake of the children. But I felt like I'm losing all my life and everything and all the friends. So I felt very bad because many people are just just trying to come and kind of feel happy. I didn't feel happy. So it was so just my husband was pushing and pushing us. And","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2747.71,2895.3"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e what was his job? He","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2895.34,2896.74"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e was an engineer. Oh","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2896.74,2898.18"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e that's. Right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2898.18,2898.58"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e A tractor plant. He worked all his life at the a tractor plant, it's a famous Belarusian tractor plant in Minsk. He was a design engineer. Did","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2898.62,2907.83"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e his Jewish nationality keep him from getting better jobs at all? Yes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2907.83,2914.07"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e at least a certain level. You can be an engineer. But you couldn't be the director of the plant or kind of some somebody higher. So, yeah, there were certain limits up to which. In","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2914.11,2926.43"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e your young married life, when you started having daughters, did you observe any Jewish holidays or have. No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2926.43,2933.43"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e Have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2933.95,2934.31"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e even. Were you even aware? Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2934.55,2937.07"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah. I heard some names of the holidays. Yes. But not no. But","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2937.43,2943.03"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e you were still Jewish. Mainly because of your father and how you were treated. And","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2943.03,2949.19"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e how we were treated. Yes. That was the main thing. Yeah. Even just they would ask for your nationality, which is religion. But nationality is there. Everywhere. You take a book in the library, they want your nationality. Just whatever you are doing. The nationalities there. So. And then people looking at it will treat you appropriately. Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2949.19,2969.93"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e So so when you had to leave you mentioned this earlier. You each got to take two suitcases. Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2970.17,2977.65"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Two suitcases per person. So eight suitcases for four. So there was a big decision what to take. So yeah, some there are some postcards which you want to take as a memory. Pictures and all the other stuff. How","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2977.65,2994.21"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e did you decide? And tell me some of the things that you brought. You said you brought your father's notebooks where he had Yiddish. Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2994.21,3001.13"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Then I brought some books. Some kind of Russian classics. Some books of Russian classics, then pictures, of course, all the pictures. And we took them out of albums, most of them so that they don't weigh so much because we had everything in albums. Then","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3001.17,3016.21"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e we were There are rumors about things that you should bring to the United States. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3016.21,3021.38"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e yeah, we were. There were rumors like having people were selling some things in Italy, and there were some valuable things because of the way that we could sell. But as soon as we were so fast and we are not good at selling. So we didn't do this. But","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3021.42,3034.98"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e like what? Like,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3035.02,3036.38"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e like some cotton things. Like some souvenirs like Matryoshkas or people were selling a lot. Russian people in Italy, just on the way. But not sometimes. Not successfully. Maybe","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3036.54,3048.86"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e when you left. Um, well, tell me more about leaving and packing. So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3049.54,3054.9"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e And then some clothes. The best clothes, though we didn't use many of them here, but. And something for children. Uh, bigger sizes for the future, maybe. And then bad clothes. We took a lot of bad clothes and, um. And that's it. So. But yeah, but like I worked a lot through pictures and postcards and some, some small pieces of paper which are kind of could be valuable. And by the way, I have, um, a family tree or family history which my father, to which my father dedicated maybe ten years of his life. He visited all he paid a lot of attention to kind of what he saw, the importance of kind of keeping in touch with relatives. He tried, he corresponded with we have a lot of relatives all over the country, and he created that family tree. It's an interesting book. Maybe then after you stop, I'll show you the book. I wrote it too, and. But still kind of. He didn't always have the respond. And after his death, I sent letters to all of those people and and try to continue. But they kind of wouldn't. So he he was the only person who kind of tried to keep the family together. But so I, I'm, I cannot continue this book though he wrote on the first page. Just continue to those who will keep it. And I can continue only about my family or when I come to Moscow. My cousins tell me, oh, this person died, this died, and I just put the date of the death of those people mentioned there, but just. Yeah,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3054.94,3164.49"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e might be something you take up again. Maybe","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3164.53,3167.13"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e later. Yeah. But it's it's very important book. So I took it to and a lot of family pictures. Did","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3167.13,3174.41"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e you have friends that were coming to America at the same time you were? No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3174.41,3178.61"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e No","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3179.85,3180.09"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e friends. Did you think your husband was crazy? Kind","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3180.09,3184.41"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e of. Yeah. We were very nervous in Italy, though. We were living close to the sea and, uh, it was just a resort. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3184.41,3191.09"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e tell me how you left. What it was like the day you left. Oh,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3191.13,3194.22"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e it was terrible. So crying all the time. A lot of people in the railway station seeing us off. So we took a train first to Brest, which is a Belarusian city closer to the border of the country. From there we went to Poland, through Poland. We stayed in Poland a couple of hours and then we went finally to Austria. Is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3194.26,3215.94"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e this all on train? On","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3215.94,3217.14"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e train? So we paid the tickets till Italy. And after that we had the loan from Hays. So we stopped in Austria. There, there we were met by the officials who asked who is going to Israel? Who is going to America? Who","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3217.14,3232.82"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e are the officials? Some","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3232.82,3234.22"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e highest officials maybe, or Jewish activists, I don't know. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3234.26,3237.98"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e explain to the people who hear this who Hays is. Hebrew","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3238.02,3241.74"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e International know Hebrew Association. Hebrew.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3241.78,3247.78"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e Immigration. Immigration.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3247.82,3249.46"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Asian Association. Though","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3249.46,3252.08"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't remember what it is. We'll look it up. It's not a big deal, but Hebrew organization. Jewish","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3252.12,3256.44"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e organization. Who is which is supporting people who are coming to the country financially supporting maybe morally to and kind of so. So we came to Austria and we went to Vienna and we were divided into two groups, those going to Israel, those going to the United States. Did","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3256.8,3275.2"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e you know anyone on the train with you? No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3275.2,3277.64"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3277.92,3278.04"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e suppose we got acquainted, but no. So. And then we in Austria, we spent two weeks in Vienna, and we were given some one room apartment, a good one. Yeah. And so. And we were given some money to survive. And the apartment was paid for by. Jewish","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3278.04,3295.44"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e groups again? Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3295.44,3296.68"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e And","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3296.72,3297.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e there were some meetings with officials, and we were informed of those meetings and given maps.  so we managed to find the places.  then we went to Italy and there we we lived in a kind of summer camp or something like this for maybe a week, and we were given time to find apartments ourselves, which was a. .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3297.04,3318.33"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3318.33,3318.49"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e hear horror stories of taly all the time. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3318.57,3321.37"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e and we. Tell","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3321.41,3322.37"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e about Italy. We","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3322.41,3323.25"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e traveled by ourselves just lifting our hand. A car would stop. I would never do it here in this country. We were not scared of anything. And we finally found some apartment. We lived in a two room apartment with two families. So just to save money, like we. Four of us in one room and four in the other room, and it was kind of a little bit tension there, too, because, you know, families whom you don't know. And. And","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3323.29,3348.13"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e it's a tense period of time anyway. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3348.13,3350.09"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e anyway. And we didn't know whether we'll get refugee status where we are going. We were supposed at the beginning to go to Chicago because my husband has a colleague, a friend from Tractor Plant. But then, um, like a couple of weeks after we in a couple of weeks in Italy, they told that the grant in in Chicago is paid. You need to pay money to get to Chicago. And it was 1500 per person, and we were scared of getting such a big loan without having jobs. So we. How","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3350.13,3384.39"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S4:\u003c/strong\u003e much. Money","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3384.39,3384.79"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e did you leave Minsk with? $572.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3384.79,3388.47"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e And at that time it was so we were allowed to to have 90 rubles per person. So it's 360 rubles. And in exchange they give $572. Can you imagine? So it was the time when they wanted to show the trouble is stronger than dollar. So we were lucky because we had this $360. It was not a big sum. It was like two months, three months salaries for me, which was okay because we received very little money. But nowadays it's 5000 rubles per $1. So. So we had $572. Dollars.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3388.63,3423.76"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e And","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3424.76,3425.28"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e we saved a little money in Italy. We were just saving and saving. How","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3425.28,3429.72"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e long were you in Italy? So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3429.72,3430.88"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e we were five months for four months and a half. Five months. All. All together. So we left the 15th of August, Minsk. And we came to. Des Moines, the 17th of January. How","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3430.88,3441.36"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e much money did you have when you got to Des Moines? A","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3441.36,3443.9"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S4:\u003c/strong\u003e thousand? Oh.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3443.9,3445.12"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S4:\u003c/strong\u003e So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3447.24,3447.6"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S4:\u003c/strong\u003e we saved some. Money,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3447.6,3448.68"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e and it was good because when we came in January. There were no driver's license courses, and there was no, uh, so nobody wanted to teach me drive. I was very, you know, I need everything to be done just immediately, I cannot wait. So there were there was Josh Allen, who taught me maybe 5 or 6 times, but it was not enough, and it was slippery. And no Russians wanted to teach me because I understand now their cars were a piece of gold for them. So just to learn to drive. But I had some some basics from Josh. And then we borrowed some money and we bought a car for 1500. So we had most of the money for the car, which was important. So because we saved the first car was 1500. So I bought a car. I don't know how I survived, just God helped me. But having just permit nobody beside me because my husband. So we decided that I learn and then I teach him because he was taking classes and I'm more kind of I'm stronger. So I was the first. So I would drive in Ellis Avenue around the house, having permit, having no just slowly. And there were a couple of times that I had problems, but I would stop somebody and I had my car wouldn't start because I wouldn't put it in the parking. I would turn it off and drive. I did terrible things. So but no, nothing happened. I didn't have any accident and I learned to drive. And somewhere at the beginning of March, I had already the license. What","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3448.68,3543.15"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e happened the first day you got here to Des Moines? I mean, what? So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3543.15,3547.39"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e it was like close to 12:00 at night, and we were very much scared. We don't have relatives. What shall we do in the airport if nobody meets us? What shall we do? What will happen? And so we were met by a rather big group of people. And there were a couple of Russians. It was Olga Rubinov, or maybe one Russian, but there was Arthi and Susan Sandler, Josh Engman, Simon Soria. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3547.59,3575.15"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e there. Was.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3575.71,3575.99"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S4:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, there was a group. Of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3576.39,3577.95"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e maybe ten people. Or","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3577.99,3579.19"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S4:\u003c/strong\u003e something. Like","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3579.19,3579.75"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e this at midnight. And so they brought us to our apartment, which was furnished. The beds were ready just to go and just go to sleep. And we had halal and wine and all the blessings. And the refrigerator was full of different types of food cooked by different people. So it was very impressive. And we have a two bedroom apartment which was luxurious after Italy where we lived. Everybody in one room. So, so we were just given a cordial welcome. And the next morning Susan and Art were already there explaining what kind of what's what's around us and what we are supposed to do, and just teaching us everything to use the laundry and all the other stuff. And so it was very impressive. Yeah. And Susan was like, mama, mother to us. So she was just Susan. That","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3579.75,3631.2"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e we're talking about is Susan Sandler, who's now the director of Jewish Family Services in Des Moines. But at that time, she had a job, um. Case","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3631.2,3640.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e worker. Case","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3640.04,3640.96"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e of Russian resettlement. Um, she was the director of that. And, uh. She","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3641.28,3645.68"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e was not maybe a director yet. Yeah, she was just. We were her first case. She just started her work as a case worker or something like this. And we were the first case. So she was excited, of course, to have her first family, and she was very much dedicated and we didn't have relatives, so she just did everything for us. So and she was pregnant at that time, and I remember it was very slippery, slippery somewhere in February. And she would take us just all the schools were canceled. It was just terrible weather. And we had an interview in pioneer, both of us, and she just drove us there. Just can you imagine, you know, the weather here when the schools are canceled, when the schools are canceled. So the weather is terrible and we could call and kind of move this, reschedule the the interview because of the weather. We could do it, but she would just drive us. Yes. Just being pregnant. And so it was. Did","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3645.68,3703.1"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e you spoke English because you taught English? I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3703.22,3706.06"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e was teaching French most of my life, but I was reading books. I tried to keep the language. I was working on my language. I was just reading all the time. Was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3706.06,3713.14"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e it easy? Is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3713.14,3713.83"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e But it was British English. You know, we studied British. We never studied American English. Um.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3714.15,3720.51"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you? Was it. Easy?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3720.55,3722.23"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. I didn't have any problems. The only thing that I just. Some words were used, kind of which I used in, in the British language never existed here. And I found out a lot of new words in the American language. But. No, no, I never studied, never took classes. That's why I learned to drive quickly. Because","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3722.27,3740.23"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e when the Jewish community set up an apartment for you and had a group meet you and and say blessings over the wine and the bread and put up a mezuzah and do all that, did that have any meaning for you or were you too tired? No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3740.27,3754.71"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e It had a lot of meaning, of course, though we were tired. It was very exciting, very impressive. And it was. Yeah, just we felt kind of started feeling part of this community. Your","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3754.75,3764.75"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e father. At","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3764.75,3765.31"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e all? Yeah. Of course. Yeah. And we tried keeping being Jewish in Italy, too. We visited the synagogue in Rome, but it's different. It's a huge building with a lot of people sitting and talking about their life, not listening to the prayers. It's different. Absolutely. But we, we. And there was Rosh Hashanah in September when we were in Italy, and we went with we went there to the synagogue in Rome. So we kind of started being Jewish. But","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3765.31,3794.25"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e you didn't know anything about it? No, no. Um, how did you find your jobs in Des Moines? What do you do now? And","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3794.25,3801.81"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e so first, so I was applying. Go","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3802.29,3804.69"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e back to wherever you want. Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3804.69,3806.09"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e So jobs. So I was trying to apply different places and everywhere. I applied stores and dolls and. But everywhere I showed all my diplomas, and I was overqualified. But maybe I was lucky that otherwise, if I was employed there, I wouldn't be looking for something better. Maybe. But. And childcare, a lot of childcare, but kind of nobody employed. And now I understand that I maybe was overqualified. I thought that my diplomas are. So I need to show them everywhere. But maybe some jobs don't need them. And then, unexpectedly, kind of. We found something in New Virginia, Iowa, 35 miles from here. They needed a translator for some technical documents for the equipment. And so we went to the interview together with my husband because it was we just learned to drive. It was scary to drive all this place, all this distance. And it cleared out that they needed a draftsman, too. So we were employed both in one place, which was wonderful because we could both drive. But before this I forgot. So we started working the 7th of May in this seeds and grain. How old are your children? They're 15. And, uh, how old was. He?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3806.13,3879.98"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e Nadia was 15. Yes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3880.02,3881.54"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e and Luba was eight. Almost eight. Close to eight. Seven. Close to eight. So. But before this, I was completely in despair because I needed work. I just. I need to work all my life. So I before finding this job, kind of seeing that I am very desperate about not finding anything. So they allowed me. They gave me the opportunity to teach ESL for the Russian immigrants. So I did it for two months. ESL","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3881.54,3911.04"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e is English as. A","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3911.04,3911.92"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e second language, so I did it with Susan's help. I did it in the synagogue and we had classes at two levels. So like 3 hours or 2 hours or one level and then two hours of another level. And so I taught those classes for two months. And so it was maybe March, April and then the 7th of May. What","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3911.92,3934.76"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e year did you come here again? You might have. Said.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3934.8,3936.44"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e So it was the 17th of January, 1996 years will be soon. And so I taught ESL for ten weeks. And then we found this job, which was of course difficult for me, but I liked it. I did read in translation. It's boring and I don't know much of this technical equipment, but I learned so. And at the same time, when applying there, I was applying to Drake. I was just writing and writing different letters that how much they need Russian language. And Susan helped me to create those letters because I just had no idea how it is done. And I was helped to do the resume because I had no idea of this either. They don't have resumes in Russia at least didn't have in my times. So I was just writing, writing, writing, and they asked me for the interview. And approximately the same time they said, okay, we'll hire you part time starting from the new school year. So when I started in Virginia in grain systems the beginning of May and maybe the middle of May, I knew already that I'll be at Drake. So it was a temporary job, so I having started at Drake, I still continue. Translation I don't know how I survived. I'm looking back. So I was teaching. It was considered part time, but I had a full load. It was three groups in Drake, so it was a full load. But officially, I'm doing the same thing now. I'm part time, but I'm teaching full load. So I taught full, full load. But being part time. And then I continued with this translation job 20 hours per week, full time job, plus one hours per week. Plus I took nine credits. I started immediately studying for the master's degree at Drake and I had free tuition, so I took nine credits per semester. What","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3936.48,4041.54"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e did you study? So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4041.54,4043.18"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e the first semester I studied, so I took one French class. It seems to me then exceptional learner and some other educational class. So my master's degree was in education plus French, but it was I seems to me I don't know how I survived, but then somewhere at the end of November, I felt like I'm starting to die, and I abandoned the translation job. So I just continued Drake and the translation just from time to time. Just a page or something like this, but not on a regular basis. So. So I worked five years. So yeah. So it's my sixth year. Drake. So the first year I was part time, then I was full time being a visiting instructor and it's up to five years. So last year they had to make a decision and they made a decision that they don't need the Russian program anymore and they don't have money for the full time position. So I am part time and I'm teaching sometimes three classes for the students to get the credit. Or it's even worse than free because they promised the students. I'm so official, I am allowed to teach two classes being part time. So the third class I said I can teach free for the students to get a degree, Free but free. I am not allowed to teach. And they made the class as independent studies, and they promised the students that they will pay me and they sent me. It doesn't has any reference to this, but it's a big offense and they sent me the contract paying me for this independent studies class 500 per semester, which means I meet with the students three times per week, three hours, not times three hours per week. It's 15 weeks semester, so it's 45 hours and I am teaching without a book. It's business and political Russian. And so at least even having old materials for business, but using current materials for us, for political Russian at least it will be 100 hours, the minimum 100 hours for which I pay and paid gross income of $500. So I consider that it's worse than teaching it free. So and they are diminishing where I had four year program full. I had minor and major. They diminished it first to three years. Last year I had a lot of support. I had a lot of old students and they said, oh, we are saving the program. Don't worry. So they had three years, two years. And recently the chair came to me and said, the provost wants one year of Russian and one year is worse than nothing because it's a difficult language. You won't learn much and you just get interest and you cannot continue. I have a lot of students now in the first year who want to continue, and so no money. Now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4043.18,4217.63"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e you're involved in the Jewish community and you've really had to learn how to be Jewish. How did you learn? What what's happened here? So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4217.63,4227.99"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e maybe step by step slowly. But a lot of a lot is done by the Jewish Federation or a Russian resettlement committee or group or whatever. So before every all the Jewish holidays, they have kind of workshops, especially when we came, there were a lot of them. They were very maybe they are still they are still going on. But kind of we are not so much interested in them because we are already aware of, uh, of the holidays. But there were usually workshops with traditional food usually eaten at this holiday, with all the prayers, with the history of the holiday, why we are celebrating this or that holiday, and so kind of teaching the Russian newcomers and, um, explaining to them the values of those holidays and how they are celebrated. And so step by step, we learned the holidays and about the holidays and about the Jewish history. And then there were classes. The first, it seems to me, the first summer. So we came in January, but the first summer there were the classes of Judaism, of Jewish history, or something like this for maybe 2 or 3 months, like once a week or once a week. It seems to me for several hours they were taught by the rabbis of the three synagogues. And then we had an American family. Who? The family of bishops. They have three girls, two girls, Nadia's age, and the third between Nadia and Luba. And so they became our volunteers. It seems to me somewhere like three, several months after our arrival, and we are still there in the in their family for all the Jewish holidays. So I'm not worrying about kind of doing everything appropriately and knowing all the prayers, because I know that whenever the holiday comes, we are always invited there, and it's a pleasure. And we are kind of part of their family, and we are acquainted with their parents who come for the holidays too. So it's very nice. And in response I invite them sometimes to the Russian dinner here. Not for a holiday, but just Saturday or Sunday night or Friday night. And so we're kind of keeping a very good family like relationship. And then, um, I try like sometime when I felt myself a little bit on my feet, I, I'm trying kind of to give back what I received here or to not maybe so much to give back, but kind of to become part active, part of this community. So I'm for several years a member of Russian Resettlement Committee, and I worked for a while a part time as a caseworker for the Russian Jewish Jewish Family Services. And I'm whenever somebody asks me to give a drive or do something, people often call me and asking questions. So I'm if I can, I can. I try to help if I have time and know what what it is about. Personally,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4228.03,4408.31"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e I know you help a lot. Um, in fact, sometimes I imagine it gets overwhelming because you have been almost designated the, uh, female leader of the Jewish Russian community. I mean, they for a time, I know your phone rang off the hook. Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4408.31,4428.52"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Sometimes people kind of, uh, know the time. Sometimes I know that it's good to be kind. And I always teach my children to be kind. But sometimes, uh, you need to say, to be able to say no. And I'm not always able to say no. So I'm always saying yes. And kind of overwhelmingly sometimes with work. But I like it, and I'm just active. I, I'm active everywhere. So it's my life. Um,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4428.76,4457.56"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e a lot of the Russian families brought elderly parents, and they tell me about where they live and how the Jewish community has, in one way kind of not met their needs and in other ways are trying to get more in touch with them, I don't know. Tell me about the apartment complex. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4458.12,4480.82"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e some some elderly parents live in the families, but, um, sometimes it's kind of difficult people with all the the younger generation looking for jobs and establishing themselves kind of have a lot of difficulties. And, you know, sometimes there are conflicts in the family. So many moved out and lived there. So I find it's it's a very good apartment complex. And there are, I don't know, maybe like up to 20 Russian people and some couples and some single. And so the manager there is very nice. And he often sometimes if he has problems, he calls me and I help kind of translating for him or explaining to those people what they need to do and all the American part of the population treats them very kindly, I would say. And then the Jewish family services they have, they organize like once a week, they have senior lunches and they have a transportation. So anybody who wants to participate there, they're picked up by a bus and brought back home, and they have Russian language classes there. They have lunch. They have seems to me they taught some Judaic history or something. They communicate, socialize, and they are. And on those Wednesday lunches, there are not only Russians there, but some American elderly people too. So they kind of meet people and talk to each other. They like those Wednesdays. I know my mother likes them very much. And then if there are some other things happening in the community, the community tries to involve them and to, to to provide the transportation for them if they don't have any. Or like recently when we had Hannukah dinner, they asked those elderly people to help them in cooking or cleaning or preparing. And they are. Many of them are ready to help because they don't have much to do, and they kind of feel themselves active and participating. So they did that. And it seems to me last week, last weekend they had a visit to the ballet and they had the transportation or to the senior concert in the senior house, uh, nursing home. The","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4481.1,4620.85"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e Jewish Senior Life Center. Life","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4621.17,4622.69"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Center. So they had a concert, seems to me, last Sunday, and they were brought there to so kind of the Jewish family services try to get them involved in what is happening. Um,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4622.69,4634.97"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e it's become part of our culture recently that when, um, we have a big community gathering as as Vera was saying that, um, we asked this group of people to cook for us, especially desserts and, uh, a lot of Russian desserts and cookies and cakes have made their way into a lot of our homes. And we've learned how to do it. And, and, uh, we're getting so we expect these wonderful delicacies that a lot of our meetings and things that the ladies make. Um, my cousin Hannah, my family's cousin that came, um, we had a Hanukkah celebration last night, and, uh, she always brings food, and she usually brings the whole dinner. I mean, you can make dinner, invite her to dinner, and she brings nine pots of food. So we instructed her very carefully this time. Don't bring the whole dinner. Just. Would you bring your cabbage rolls? And she's going to teach my sister in law, Uh, yes. What's the name of it again? Stuffed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4635.01,4703.91"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e cabbage with meat inside. I'm doing. So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4703.91,4706.63"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e We're going to get with her. And she's going to teach us how to make that because we love it. Mhm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4706.67,4711.95"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah. But there's a lot of work but you'll manage it. That's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4712.27,4717.03"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e okay. Um. Let me think what I've forgotten to ask. Are any Jewish traditions that have floated up somewhere out of your far past that you think of when you celebrate with Jews in Des Moines, or that you've incorporated in your own home? Or is most of it new and you're learning it? I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4717.03,4749.07"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e think most of most of it is new and I'm learning. But when I'm you remember I mentioned that when I was a small girl, I learned some songs in Yiddish with my father. And when I often hear something like this and I remember, oh, I know this, but it's a minor thing. Yeah, but of course, everything is new and we're learning, but I'm just the only thing that I'm just thinking of kind of, I feel like proud of myself and regret that I didn't have anything like this before. And I'm always thinking of my father, who would be proud for for the girls and for what I am doing. Do","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4749.15,4785.89"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e you ever sing those songs that your father taught you to your daughters? No,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4785.89,4790.05"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e because I just remember several lines, because it was a long time ago. So just now. But","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4790.05,4795.49"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e there's some of the same songs that you hear now. Yes. Sometimes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4795.49,4798.89"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e they sing oh, like a bat mitzvah, sometimes they sing. Or there are certain occasions when I hear something like this. Yeah. Did","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4798.93,4808.69"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e your daughters have. Well, are they old enough? Did your daughters have bat mitzvah? Bat","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4808.69,4814.25"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e mitzvah this August of this year. Tell","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4814.25,4817.5"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e me about. It.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4817.5,4818.18"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e So, uh, so she she it was very exciting to be preparing for it, but she was very much ready for she knew everything because she graduated from the Jewish Academy, which was very important. So she knew all the prayers, all the readings and, uh, so, so it was a very happy occasion in our lives. And Nadia, the older one, she learned she she had this one day intensive classes of Hebrew reading. You remember we had in the synagogue. So. And after that she continued by herself practicing, and she managed to do the havdallah service, and she read herself and so, so. And","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4818.22,4861.5"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e the havdallah service is Saturday night to. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4861.5,4865.22"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e we had yeah, we had Saturday night the bat mitzvah. Yeah. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4865.22,4869.3"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e tell me all about the bat mitzvah. Uh, there's people that don't know about it. So. So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4869.34,4874.48"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e So we it seemed to me it was very much very important for for Luba and for all of us. So we try to make it very fast, very bright. We had all those beautiful centerpieces, and it was Saturday night and we had dinner service and dinner and dances after with a disc jockey, at the synagogue, at the synagogue, at the temple. And so it was seemed like it's a small wedding, not a not a modest man. So she was doing an excellent job. And so everything was successful. And","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4876.6,4911.72"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e were there any Russian themes to the Bat mitzvah party afterwards, or did you serve any Russian food or desserts? No. No","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4912.0,4919.2"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e I didn't. I just ordered the caterer because because I, you know, I study all summer and it was just two weeks or ten days after I returned from my classes. So I just organized, arranged everything before I left. And then just the final. Did","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4919.24,4935.33"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e people bake for you? Some","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4935.33,4937.69"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e people. But you know, Russians bake if they are asked to. And I felt kind of shy asking people. I thought, whoever wants he or she will bake. So I bought some things. Did","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4937.69,4951.37"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e the. Americans?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4951.37,4952.13"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, some. So I had maybe 4 or 5 people only bringing something baked. Otherwise I prepared myself or bought a everything was okay. It","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4952.45,4965.21"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e sounds nice. I bet you were very proud. Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4965.21,4967.45"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e And Nadia, the older one she even thought of. And she is maybe still thinking, but sometimes positive, sometimes negatively. But she's thinking herself of. Of having herself because she didn't have any. We came. She was 15. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4967.49,4982.89"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e what was the theme of Luba's little speech that she gave? So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4983.21,4987.17"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e she was speaking about the Freedoms and liberties of American life. And she mentioned her grandfather, and she mentioned her pride of being able to celebrate the Jewish holidays. So she chose the topic, which is kind of could show the contrast between Russia or Soviet, former Soviet Union liberties and democracies and the American ones. So. Um,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=4987.17,5016.35"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e were there any stories that your parents told you growing up that you tell your daughters? Did you have you told your daughters all about your life? And","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5016.71,5025.11"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e not so much. Maybe. Maybe not enough. Did.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5025.79,5028.63"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e Are there stories your parents told you that you told your children? No,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5028.63,5032.15"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e my just my mother told a lot of the war and terrors of the war and how they were just running away with small child and how terrible it was. So she still continuing. So they hear those stories from Because they're grandma. And","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5032.19,5050.32"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e so any little Russian folk stories that you tell your children or when they were little, I mean. Oh,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5050.32,5057.32"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e they were little. Yeah, but just Russian. Yeah. For stories or fairy tales, but no. Nothing. Not connected with Judaism. Jewish history. Um,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5057.32,5069.52"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e are there any local restaurants that the Russian Jewish community gathers at or places that they like to go? No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5070.32,5078.4"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e You know, when we come here, we we just started sometimes going seldom, but still, we just started going to restaurants. Otherwise, you know, if you come without anything and we want to buy a house and you want to be as anybody else. We never went to restaurants for several years. I want to make not but not getting together. I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5078.44,5100.48"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e want to make one more comment. Um, the Americans here know that the Russians have come, and in five years most of them have houses, beautiful houses and nice neighborhoods. Two cars. Three?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5100.48,5117.85"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5118.17,5118.33"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e Or three years. And we don't know how you do it. And it's something I've been thinking about for a long time. And you don't go to restaurants and you probably. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5118.37,5129.05"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e we can teach consumer economy or something. Something like. This.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5129.05,5132.33"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e True. Is it? Do you all laugh at how we spend our money? Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5132.37,5136.81"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, I have I have an adult student now in Russian, one who is my age or even a year older, and he works for the public television. I don't know what he does there. Okay. But he's going on a trip. I'm planning to go on a study trip with my students this spring, and he is borrowing money to pay $2,500. And I just opened my eyes wide and I said, okay. Last year, I took my daughter and I paid for her. She doesn't have money. And I can pay for you this year too. I don't have extra money, but just. I have this $2,000 to pay. And he doesn't have. And he's alone. He doesn't have children. He just eats every day in the restaurant. Maybe that's the reason, but he's borrowing money. Do","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5137.09,5182.31"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e you buy a lot of prepared foods or do you buy more, um. More","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5182.31,5187.07"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S5:\u003c/strong\u003e raw foods? But","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5187.23,5188.19"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e I always have something like, prepared in the freezer so that when I, when there are days when I just work from early morning to late at night, they have something to to prepare. Where","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5188.19,5198.63"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e do you cook then? So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5198.63,5199.79"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e I cook a big dinner on Sunday which will stay from Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, then, then either it depends on how much time I have, if they prepare something cooked, or I do something easy and fast in the morning, early morning before I leave or Friday, I have some better dinner and gala because it's Sir Bob. So we celebrate. By the way, we have Shabbat every Friday. We have halal and candles and prayers and wine and Shabbat is always here. Did","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5199.79,5231.92"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e you, um, have Shabbat ever as a child? Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5231.92,5234.72"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e No. Um.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5234.76,5236.72"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5237.32,5237.8"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e So this is something which we started a long time ago and continuing. And. Um.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5238.28,5244.76"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e Are there any gathering places, then do Russians? How do Russians party? What are they? So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5244.8,5250.8"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e I know, you know, the relationships are not always very good here with when everybody is kind of just struggling for survival. And there are like small groups. And so we have parties at home. I have often guests or we have a big celebration the 31st of January, the 31st of December. I'm sorry, the 31st New Year's Eve. We'll just celebrate till maybe 4:00 in the morning or something. Five 85 until the morning. And so we'll have dances and big dinner. And I miss dancing a lot here in Russia, just whenever, whatever holiday it is. Like holiday, I mean, not religious, but birthday or something. Gathering at home. It's dancing. We dance a lot. Or like if you go to. A","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5250.84,5298.66"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e Jewish dances or just Russian. Dance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5298.66,5300.22"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e No, just not Russian, not Jewish, just contemporary, just dancing. Or like if you go to a restaurant sometimes we went seldom, but sometimes just not for the sake of eating, but for the sake of dancing, because there is always music and dancing there. So this is something I miss a little bit, but I always, whenever I have people here, I have music too. What","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5300.22,5321.18"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e kind of music? Just,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5321.18,5322.9"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e just just something to which it's good to dance. I'm sorry. I'm","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5322.94,5330.1"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e trying to think. Um. I'm going to go on to another tape in a minute. Uh, is it American music or is it Russian music or both? Most,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5330.1,5338.11"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e most more Russian, maybe. But both. Tell","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5338.11,5341.91"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e me, um, what kind of foods do you serve when you have parties here? Which is. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5341.91,5348.35"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e which is the same stuffed cabbage galaxy? Could be sometimes, uh, it could be pelmeni, which is like dumplings, similar to American dumplings with meat inside or different types of salads. Not only just vegetable salad, like you have lettuce and tomatoes and cucumber or some sandwiches, or sometimes some meat with potatoes prepared different ways. And you do. What","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5348.39,5377.51"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e about desserts? Desserts?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5377.51,5379.51"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm not very good at desserts. I mostly buy them. But in Russia I baked sometimes. Not very often, but I did it. But here I just don't have time and I buy on Shabbat. I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5379.51,5392.99"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e guess I should go back on Shabbat. How do you celebrate? You said you have the wine. We","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5393.03,5396.15"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e have wine and candles and prayers. Liubartas. All those prayers for wine, for light candle lighting, for wine. Gennady does because it's for men. And then just we just maybe eat a little bit longer. And","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5396.17,5411.93"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/transcript/87305/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e do you serve meat usually or. Um.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5412.65,5415.57"}]},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/index/90252","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Auto-generated Index (2025-06-12 14:45:20) [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/index/90252/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Early Life and Jewish Identity in Communist Belarus","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=0.0,182.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/index/90252/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The speaker was born into a Jewish family in Minsk, Belarus, in 1950. Growing up under communist rule, her family's ability to practice Judaism was severely restricted. Her father was the only family member who maintained Jewish traditions, teaching her Yiddish and involving her in cultural activities despite the risks. This early exposure to her heritage was limited as she began her education and became more involved in communist youth organizations.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=0.0,182.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/index/90252/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Father's Arrest and Impact on Family","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=182.0,2747.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/index/90252/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The speaker's father was arrested in 1961 for his involvement in Jewish activities, which were considered anti-Soviet. This event had a profound impact on the family, leading to social isolation and financial difficulties. Despite these challenges, her father's commitment to his beliefs was unwavering, even though it resulted in imprisonment and subsequent hardship. His experiences in a Siberian camp and the lack of community support upon his return are highlighted as particularly painful memories for the family.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=182.0,2747.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/index/90252/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Immigration to America","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2747.0,3546.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/index/90252/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the late 1980s, the speaker's family decided to immigrate to America, driven by her husband's insistence on seeking a better life for their children. The process was rapid and fraught with uncertainty, including a brief stay in Italy where they faced financial constraints and the challenge of securing refugee status. Upon arriving in Des Moines, Iowa, they were warmly welcomed by the local Jewish community, which helped ease their transition into American society.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=2747.0,3546.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/index/90252/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Settling into American Life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3546.0,5250.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/index/90252/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Upon their arrival in Des Moines, the speaker and her family were met by members of the local Jewish community who provided immediate support and accommodation. This warm reception was crucial in helping them adjust to their new environment. The speaker found employment as a teacher at Drake University, leveraging her language skills to teach Russian. Her involvement in the Jewish community grew over time, including participating in cultural and religious education that helped reconnect her with her Jewish roots.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=3546.0,5250.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/index/90252/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Cultural Retention and Community Life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5250.0,5455.33867"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977/index/90252/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The speaker discusses the dynamics within the local Russian community in Des Moines, noting that while there are challenges, there are also opportunities for cultural expression and social gatherings. Traditional Russian and Jewish foods play a significant role in their celebrations, and the speaker has taken an active role in community service, helping other immigrants navigate their new lives in America. Her family's integration into American society is marked by a blend of maintaining traditional customs and embracing new opportunities.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163695/file/297977#t=5250.0,5455.33867"}]}]}]}