{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/rf5k933b4d/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["2015.017.004 Blank, Jackie and Myron MPII 5.16.1977 AB"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/184/original/ijhs2_logo.png?1629814295","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["H. D. Kelly","Myron Blank"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1977-05-16"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["MPEG-4"]}},{"label":{"en":["Keyword"]},"value":{"en":["Perry IA","A. H. Blank","Des Moines IA","Magic Lantern ovies","Myron \"Mike\" Blank"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["TheirStory"]}}],"provider":[{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Iowa Jewish Historical Society"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Iowa Jewish Historical Society"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/184/original/ijhs2_logo.png?1629814295","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - open-uri20251201-428871-21nwh.mp4"]},"duration":3212.224,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-jewishdesmoines.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/297/980/original/open-uri20251201-428871-21nwh.mp4?1764603240","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mp3","duration":3212.224,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["TheirStory Transcript (Paragraphs with Speakers) [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e 1977. This will be an interview with Myron Blank Blank of Des Moines, mainly about the movie theater business. This interview is part of the oral history project of the Des Moines Library System. Uh, Mr. Blank, can we start out by you telling us your first connection with the moving picture industry and some personal information? I'll","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=10.16,43.56"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e be glad to. Uh, my father started in the motion picture business approximately 1910. Uh, and I was born in 1911. So for the purpose of this interview, you could say that I was born in the industry as when I was being raised. Often my mother would help out in the evening at the theater and parked me in the back row so that I kind of grew up in the theater. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=43.56,78.73"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e were you born in Des Moines? Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=79.05,80.81"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e I was born on ninth Street, uh, down by the Des Moines River there. And my father pioneered motion picture industry, more or less, uh, operated. The theater is known as the Star Theater, which is down near the present courthouse. Uh, that was where the. Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=80.81,110.09"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't want to interrupt. I don't know that we gave your father's name, did we? My","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=110.13,113.69"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e father was Mr. A.H. Blanc, And, uh, he was raised over in Council Bluffs, Iowa. He was in the bottling business and moved to Perry, Iowa. And then came to Des Moines and heard about the magic lantern, the movies, and located a empty storeroom where they had, uh, some folding chairs where he could install some folding chairs. And the location was down near the, uh, uh, present county courthouse, which at that time was the turnaround for the streetcars in the city of Des Moines. So that. No,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=113.69,172.1"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e this was the Star Theater. At","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=172.1,174.18"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e the Star Theater was the name of that theater was built there. And, uh, people waiting for, uh, the streetcar to go in for ten minutes, which was usually the normal length of the motion picture at that time. And that's at a cost of a nickel. And that's why they originally got the name of Nickel Domes. Uh. The theater. Had","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=174.18,206.26"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e he had any experience in that? No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=206.26,208.74"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e He, uh, left the bottling business and decided that this was a business that was going to progress and grow. And, uh, he took quite an active part, uh, into the international, uh, uh, field of the motion picture business, because the important thing was to get. the proper pictures for your theater. And at that time, they were all made in New York. So he had to make contacts with people in New York where, uh, in order to get the films that he needed for his theater. Subsequently, he built, uh, about 30 theaters in the city of Des Moines, uh. Or operated saying, uh, such as the majestic for the younger brothers is located, uh, the unique which later became the Strand Theater, which is now where, uh, Coqueiros clothing company is, uh, the Casino Theatre. Uh, where, uh. Between forest and, uh, between fifth and sixth on Locust Street. On the north side. Uh, there was a family theater next to it. And then his major, uh, investment downtown was a theater known as the Garden Theater, which at that time was located next to the Chamberlain Hotel. This is the property where the Ruan Building now stands. That","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=208.94,332.56"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e was the largest. This","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=332.56,334.12"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e was. The.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=334.12,334.72"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e First","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=335.0,335.68"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e theater that had a an organ and a complete orchestra. The orchestra played during the intermission period. And","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=336.48,355.37"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e now we're back in the silent movie days. Or","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=355.93,358.77"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e we're back many, many years. I were talking about, uh, that the Garden Theater was opened in 1912. So the other theaters that I'm referring to are theaters that perhaps were built by 1912. It","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=358.81,376.53"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e was, I assume, no longer $0.05 admission. Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=376.53,381.81"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e the he had the, uh. The the I shouldn't say nerve, but the courage. The courage is is the word. Yes. That to charge an admission price of $0.25 because of the cost of the orchestra and this elaborate organ that was installed in the garden theater. Did","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=382.25,409.33"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e the garden also have vaudeville? No,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=409.33,412.13"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e uh, there was no vaudeville there. The old Orpheum Theater. And which was located near, uh, Mulberry between Mulberry and Walnut on eighth Street, later moving to eighth Street between Locust and Grand. Mhm. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=412.45,441.93"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e one of the adjustments torn down. Was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=441.93,444.33"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e that the galaxy at the Orpheum Theater later name was changed to the Galaxy Theater and then has recently been torn down. Well","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=444.49,456.57"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e how soon did he expand his your father, expand his operations outside of Des Moines? Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=456.97,464.65"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e he built theaters In Davenport, Omaha, and Cedar Rapids. As well as many other cities through Iowa and Nebraska. And in doing that. He had to acquire the film for the various theaters. Films at that time were being made by individual producers who didn't have distribution companies. Such as Louis B Mayer. Bill Fox. The Warner Brothers and other names that are well known to the people today. Uh, there are other companies, such as the Tiffany Company and many others, which I won't go into at this time, but he would get the state rights for some of these films, which meant that he had to give the producer a X amount of money, uh, which he collected from other people around the United States in order to get the necessary capital to make the pictures, and so that they would look to my father for this part of the country to put in money so that they could make pictures. And they knew that he had outlets for them because of the theaters that he owns. Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=464.69,588.48"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e I assume that there was competition in that day. Oh,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=588.48,592.48"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e yes, there was great competition. There is, uh, Albert and Getchell. Uh, Hirsch Steins and many other well-known Des Moines names that were in the motion picture business. Uh, so that, uh. Just","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=592.52,613.44"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e put your father in the distribution business. Is that right? Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=613.44,616.88"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e And he had the state rights not only in Iowa and Nebraska, but also Missouri, Kansas and Minnesota. Did","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=616.92,630.16"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e he ever get into the production end of it? Uh,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=630.16,633.72"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e later on, the exhibitors around the country found that the producers no longer needed them and were starting their own distribution companies. So the exhibitors joined together, which was a company called the First National Pictures. My father was one of five of the executive boards that helped form the First National Pictures, and that was a company subsequently that became part of Warner Brothers First National. Uh, they had as stars under contract such people as Charlie Chaplin and Mary Pickford. And perhaps for the most part, most influential people in the motion picture during its, uh, regime, which lasted for perhaps from 1924 to 1927. In 1927, of course, sound came in. And then quite an evolution took place in the industry. I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=634.88,724.05"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e suppose you had to throw a lot of capital into his theaters to take care of the new sound. Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=724.05,731.05"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e there was tremendous capital thrown into theaters. But the largest capital was that in 1926. And perhaps earlier. Large theaters with large stages were being built, such as the Paramount Theater here in Des Moines. Uh, this was built for the purpose of taking a tremendous road show or a musical show consisting of outstanding, uh, stage performers, chorus lines and, uh, the best talent you could find for the stage. Uh, these theaters had a stage show and a picture, uh, both playing at the same time, so that you pay one admission in order to see the entire show. They also had popular bandleaders, uh, that, uh. Helped. Now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=731.05,819.47"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e I assume that by this time, 1927 or so, you were active in the business, were you not? Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=819.51,828.79"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e I was in 1927. I was active only because of working during the summertime, as I was only 16. Years","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=829.19,840.71"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e of age there. Finishing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=840.71,843.03"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e high school, and took off for the University of Michigan in 1929 and finished in 1933. Uh, during that period, uh, as I was growing up, I was working more and more in the theaters during the my vacation period when I was not in school. What","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=843.03,870.83"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e kind of work were you doing? Just any sort of work. Work to get experience or. Work","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=870.83,876.35"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e to Work, to get experience, to keep busy, and to make some money so that I could have the proper amount of spending money. Uh. Well, I would work in the film exchanges. I started early working in exchange cleaning film. Uh, that was put where the film was put through a machine and a fluid, and the oil and and grime was taken off of it so that it could be used again in other theaters. Uh, then I worked in the Film Exchange called the Pathé Film Exchange as a shipping clerk, where I would ship out advertising material and press books and, and, and other items necessary to operate the theaters. Uh,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=876.35,927.51"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm curious about what, uh, you took at the University of Michigan. Liberal arts or business? Yes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=927.51,934.19"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e I took a course in liberal arts, which at that time allowed you to take courses in business administration in the graduate school, as well as courses in the law school, and graduating in 1933 at the bottom of the depression. Why? I found it was important to, for my sake, to come back and go to work. I did have ambitions to go on with further schooling, so I attended a night law school here that was in the old Victoria Hotel, operated at that time by Owen Cunningham. Cunningham","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=934.23,983.12"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e is still in practice here, isn't he? Yes. I didn't know he ever taught. Yes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=983.12,987.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e he operated a. Night law school. And there were quite a few people in Des Moines practicing law that are graduates of that school. Did","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=987.0,997.85"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e you continue this long enough to get a law? No,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=997.85,1000.89"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e I. Spent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1000.89,1001.49"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1002.69,1003.01"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e took courses in subjects that  particularly interested, which was in the real estate. Field. But  didn't finish law school, nor. Did  continue my study in law. When you get into business,  guess by the time you get through with enough lawyers, you've already bought your education. So. Uh.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1003.45,1036.01"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, to what extent? Was your, uh, activity in the business the same as your father's, or was it totally different? Uh.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1036.41,1047.93"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e My father in 1927 sold half of his. They sold a half interest in his larger theaters to Paramount Pictures, and he spun off theaters in smaller towns such as Ames, Iowa City, Grinnell, Newton, and so forth. For those employees, they won't that wanted to stay in their own private business and not join with this larger corporation known as Paramount Pictures. In 1929, uh, that. Paramount bought all of my father's interests in the larger communities such as Omaha, Cedar Rapids, Waterloo. And in 1933, when the depression came. The Paramount found themselves in bankruptcy and in default on many of their projects. They invited my father to come back as receiver and to reorganize the entire corporation, which later became known as Tri-states Theater Corporation. The corporation, uh, which my father started earlier for small towns, was known as Central States Theater Corporation. Uh. It","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1050.01,1167.07"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e was Central State's. Theaters are all in Iowa for. Central","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1167.07,1171.83"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e state operated theaters in Iowa and Nebraska. Uh. They, uh. They are just operating in those towns. Now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1171.83,1187.15"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e you you are a president of the central state? Yes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1187.19,1190.51"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e I. Am.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1190.51,1191.23"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1191.27,1191.43"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm now president of Central States. And the only other president the corporation had was a cousin of mine named Harry Warren, who, uh, started working with dad, uh, back about 1924. Uh. When I got out of the service, when I got out of the military service in 1945, uh, Mr. Warren wanted to retire, and, uh, I took on a position as president of the Central State Theatre. How","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1191.47,1233.6"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e many theatres does the central States now own or lease or operator operate? Approximately","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1233.6,1243.04"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e 46 indoor theatres and 33 drive in theatres. Mhm. Uh. You must keep in mind that in 1946, there were no drive in theaters in the state of Iowa. The first one was built, uh. On southeast 14th Street, uh, now known as the southeast 14th Street Drive in theater. Uh,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1243.6,1279.72"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e and that was one of your theaters. That's right. Uh, it was the first drive in theater in the morning. It","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1279.88,1286.53"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e was the first drive in theater in the state of. Iowa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1286.53,1288.33"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e in the state. And.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1288.37,1291.41"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Then there was another construction freeze during. The Korean War so that nothing could be constructed during that time. But most of our drive in theaters were built between 1946 and 1950. Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1293.93,1318.09"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e why is the movie house less popular if it is less popular now than it was in 20, 30, 40 years ago? Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1318.81,1329.33"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e naturally, uh, things have changed. Habits of people. The use of the automobile. Uh, there's much more competition for people's leisure time today than there was back in the early days. Television obviously was the main reason for the change because the television became the family entertainment. Where in prior years, the motion picture industry was entertainment for the entire family, as people often set aside one day a week for the entire family would have an outing and go to the movie. Younker brothers had a special meal for the family, where you could buy your dinner and get a theater ticket for the same price. So this television actually made a radical change in the motion picture industry or the type of audience. Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1329.37,1402.78"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e of course, television shows, a lot of films too. Is that old ones? Usually. Not always. Most,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1402.82,1408.46"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e most, most films that are on television were originally made for the theaters. Naturally, they can't afford the pictures that we have in the theaters that sometimes cost as much as 35 to $40 million for a one time showing. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1408.5,1429.94"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e when you get up to a figure like that. Is that true today? I mean, for example, Star Wars. Would that be in it? Maybe. I don't. Know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1430.7,1438.7"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Star Wars I believe somewhere in the neighborhood of 10 to $15 million. But there are pictures today on the market. Uh, one the Bridge Too Far is a picture that costs over $20 million. And, uh, it's not a particularly popular picture presently being released. Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1439.14,1466.63"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e there are some new theatres being built, but there's certainly not the lavish theatres that were found some years ago. Why is that? Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1467.11,1476.31"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e that's because the motion picture industry now serves a limited audience. Or each picture has its own limited audience. Uh, you'll find, uh, Malta Theater built maybe four or 5 or 6 or even eight theaters, all under one roof and completely mechanized, so that the cost of operating those theaters is much less than operating a single theater. Is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1476.35,1517.67"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e your company got into that field. We've","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1517.67,1520.2"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e built, uh. Twin theaters and Ames and, uh, Burlington and Fort Dodge and, uh, triplex and and, uh, over in Nebraska. Uh, but we are we have gone to, uh, multi theaters and I believe from now on that would be the only type that we have. We would build cedar in Cedar Falls. We have a large, uh, twin theater there in the shopping center. Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1520.56,1561.12"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e what do you think about the quality of moving pictures now and some years back? Is there that have any relationship to the, uh, present economics? No,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1562.96,1576.84"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e I. Whenever a person can make a good picture, um, they always are able to find the amount of money they need in order to do it. So, uh, pictures shouldn't be any different now than they were in the past. But they have grown up, and they're not being made for the same type of a market that they used to be made for. They aren't made for a broad market or a complete family market, which was then gauged for people of, uh, for people of younger age as well as older age to all see at the same time, just as books today are, written not for the entire family, but for various sections of society. Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1576.97,1647.81"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e some movies now are made them just for young children and some for teenagers. Yes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1647.85,1652.57"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Disney is perhaps the only producer that has stayed with films that are made for the younger family and uh, has been successful. Uh, not on all pictures, but has been one of the few people that have remained in the industry and successful in that field. Uh, a picture presently on the market called Benji, which is about a dog made by a group of individuals that's never been in the motion picture business down in in Texas, and this was a very successful film. Now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1652.61,1701.66"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e would that be distributed by some of the national companies or would they do it on their own? No,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1701.66,1706.86"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e there there are what they call independent distributors who operate similar to as I was explaining first, my father did when he would operate a film exchange so that if an individual makes a picture, he can find independent distributors for himself. Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1706.9,1728.38"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e what about the adult movies? Are they considerably different than they used to be and more sex in them? Uh,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1728.38,1736.5"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e if you're referring to films such as triple X, I think you've come to the wrong place because I, I don't. I.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1736.9,1745.54"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Don't","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1745.58,1745.86"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e know anything about them. And I, uh, not being prudish, but I haven't even attended one, so I can't can't speak of, uh, what, uh, the the so-called, uh, triple X type film. Uh, we did realize because we were making pictures for the, uh, different segments of society that we had to advise the parents, uh, of the of what the contents might be in, in the film. And because of that, we developed a rating system, which is G, which is general audience viewing. Uh, PG, which is for parental guidance, which means that, uh, young people can see it, but that some parents might object to it. And then our film, which usually contains unusual violence, or, uh, what one might refer to as sexual scenes or nudity that, uh, we do not allow children to enter the theater unless they are accompanied by their parents. Uh, we. You","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1745.86,1841.12"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e say we. Now, how is this developed? This","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1841.12,1844.88"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e is a. Nationwide.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1844.88,1846.2"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e This","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1846.28,1846.52"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e is a a system which the industry, through its trade association known as National Association of Theatre Owners, uh, with the cooperation of the producers organization called the Motion Pictures Producers Association. Uh, By this plan. And we are. Talking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1846.52,1922.52"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e about the rating system and how it was developed. Uh, Um, what about this other field? The pornographic movies which you already explained your position on? Is that really a competition for? No,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1922.52,1937.65"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e the. From what I understand, uh, the so-called pornographic movie is really a stag film and plays in, uh, auditoriums that hold a maximum of between 60 and 100 persons, usually even smaller than that, so that it's not a film as wide attendance. Uh, uh, generally speaking, uh, but also in some communities, there are certain areas where they're limited as to where they could be, uh, such as Boston and New York. It's really not part of the motion picture business in any way. And, uh, we're sorry that the newspaper chooses to run the ads for those type of theaters on the same pages that we advertise our motion pictures. But that's something that they do, and we have no way of controlling it. Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1937.77,2015.1"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e uh, I suppose the papers do that under a freedom of the press. Yes. That's explanation. Well, now, uh, you have had censorship problems at times in the past. Isn't that true? Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2015.34,2030.18"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Uh, naturally, when you, uh, have anybody that doesn't agree with either the written words or the, Pictorial. Motion picture theatre. Films by. They're usually very vocal about it. And, uh, this was something that developed even back in the early ages. Uh, right after the First World War. Uh, perhaps you'll remember the Hays Will Hays, who had been in Wilson's cabinet and was put in charge of the motion picture industry, uh, as more of a man to. Lead its policy, uh, in the production of pictures, uh, that censorship has always been something that the industry has faced, and I guess you can go back. I've heard that even the Bible in some places have been censored quite badly by various countries and by various people, so that when you have a wide diversity of people to express their opinions, there's always going to be those that agree and disagree with what. Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2030.18,2132.11"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e how do those people express their opinion? In small towns? Or do they go to the theater manager or they go to central states, or to write letters or call or. Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2132.15,2143.27"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e they do. It","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2143.27,2143.75"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e in organizations. They","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2143.75,2145.31"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e they do it in all ways. They have the the PTA will come down and, uh, uh, call on the theater manager. And theater manager naturally claims that they don't make the films. They have any control over to some some, uh, people who own the theaters, such as we, that we booked them to them and and actually, we don't make them. They're made by, uh, uh, some individual and put on the market. And if the public accepts them and there's. And after we've had a chance to view them and find that there is no reason, in our opinion, for them to be obnoxious, we play them in our theaters. What we might do and other people might do is strictly a matter of their judgment. Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2145.55,2200.08"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e I suppose you try not to suppress pictures just because the opinions expressed. No. That's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2200.08,2206.44"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e right, because there are religious groups and, uh, there are individuals who clamor that we don't want one Uh, group to dictate to us as to what we should see. And I don't want to single out any particular religion, but there was one group that set up their own censorship, uh, one large religion. And, uh, uh, they were told their parishioners what films they should see and what films they shouldn't. So the actual one depicted as to what is going to be shown at the theaters is the one who goes to the theaters, because pictures are made on a commercial venture and people stay away from them. They're just not going to be made anymore. You","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2206.44,2260.41"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e don't mean you outright boycott. Boycott?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2260.41,2267.57"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Uh, if a person, uh, doesn't attend the theater, that, uh, picture? Uh, would not be considered popular and just wouldn't play. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2267.65,2282.62"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e aren't we able to show some pictures now that you might not have been able to show, uh, 20, 30 years ago because of the changing? Oh,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2283.34,2293.98"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e yes. The whole world changes and changing quite rapidly. Uh, and I think people realize that suppression of ideas and even suppression of the discussion of sexual behavior is perhaps, uh, a very bad thing on society and, and, uh, that, uh, a more open we have a much more open society today than we did in years, uh, in the past. Matter of fact, I can remember, uh, if anybody should die of cancer, the word was ever used, even in print. It was a very nasty thing and an insult to the family. So there's been quite a change and people are today. I think all realise that the suppression of thought and natural behaviours of the human being is a very unhealthy thing, rather than a healthy thing. Do","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2294.02,2361.87"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e you think there's more pressure now from the public on television than on the movies? Well. Whenever.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2361.87,2369.43"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Something comes into the home where the whole family is viewing. Uh, I mothers are always concerned about their children and whether they get something bad out of what they're viewing or whether it's doing harm to them. And this has to be a judgement of that individuals. And I'm not here to debate whether that's right or wrong, but, uh, that's why you were hearing the pressure, I think, on television, because it does come into the home and there's little control over what the children might see. What","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2371.59,2410.31"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e is it that makes some films popular and can't really understand why a film popular? Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2410.31,2417.39"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e this is something that's very difficult for everybody in the industry. Matter of fact, if somebody had the perfect formula of how to make a successful picture, uh, they would be the most sought after person in the world. Because it's impossible when you start a picture to ever know whether it's going to turn out to be one that the public will receive and will be very popular at the box office. I am sure your today one of the big surprises, uh, is Star Wars. Uh, when we saw it in the screening room, we didn't respond to it as, uh, that it would be the big picture of the, of 1977, but it certainly has proven that way. And, uh, to the surprise of all of us, we can speculate on why it is because of the space age and the interest in the space age. Uh, but, uh, in that. Case,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2417.39,2482.12"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e wouldn't it also be partly due to the publicity that was given to national magazines like Time and Newsweek, with covers and special articles and to a lesser extent, papers? That","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2482.12,2493.76"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e that all helped. But many other pictures receive, uh, similar type of publicity, perhaps not as much as Star Wars did after it got started, but a picture like jaws, for example. Uh, we, uh, So that in the screening room before it hits the public and and then guess that it would be even a picture that was even much more successful even than Star Wars, perhaps on more successful pictures that's ever been made. And they came back just this last year. You","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2493.76,2531.37"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e mean that's more popular even than things way back, like The birth of a nation? Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2531.37,2536.89"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Jaws is one of the most popular pictures. And I speak from a dollar grossed at the box office. And that's the only vote that I can count. Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2536.93,2549.05"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e are there any sort of surveys made by the industry the way Gallup poll sort of survey is used by newspapers in an effort to determine what people like and what they don't like. Often","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2549.05,2564.77"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e they make all types of surveys, and there isn't one of them that ever really turned out to give them, uh, any successful, uh, answers to the questions that, uh, they put to the public. They even try out, uh, the title of the film, the was the name of the film should be. And, uh, even those don't seem to turn out to prove anything. So, uh. How","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2564.77,2597.1"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e do you explain the popularity of something, uh, like the picture, uh, gone with the wind. Is that, uh. Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2597.26,2606.86"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e gone with the wind first was a fine book by a historical background and had two very exciting people in it. And","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2606.86,2619.3"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e the stars do make a difference. Stars","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2619.3,2621.94"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e make did make a great deal of difference back in the early days, and I speak of up until the last ten years, uh, the since then, uh, we have found that stars can make a tremendously successful picture and come back with a picture following it. And if it isn't a good story and well received by the public, the picture won't do well at all. So the individual stars, uh, are meaningful, but do not guarantee the success of the picture. Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2622.62,2667.22"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e what about the future? What are some of the trends? Well, with respect to the business end of it and the other parts there are. As","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2667.22,2674.62"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e I said, there's a very changing world, uh, the old type of theaters that we've had, the big, uh, auditorium, Are no longer in existence upon the smaller theaters and smaller auditoriums. Now we're talking about a new wire system where you'll have pay, uh. Cable, which will run motion pictures into your home. Whether this will replace the theater, as we guess anyone can make, uh, I believe. Cable","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2674.62,2717.87"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e TV. Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2717.87,2720.03"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e it's a cable TV, but it's, uh, it's a paid TV is what they call it. Uh, as an economist that came out just of late, uh, said that the theaters. In 86. So that it'll no longer be a theater. I hope that's not true because I have many leases longer than that. And. And","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2720.07,2750.28"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e what? You","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2750.32,2750.76"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e don't need some large investments that will. You","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2750.76,2754.32"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e don't really think it's true either, do you? No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2754.32,2756.6"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e We still we built new theaters this year, and I'm sure we'll continue to be building them in years to come, because people do want to get out of their homes, want to seek entertainment, uh, in public places. And I doubt if, uh, the pay TV system will, uh, replace the theaters. Then.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2756.88,2787.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e Mr.. Yeah. Mr.. Blank, can we get away from the theater business, which is very interesting for a while and talk about some of the philanthropies of your father are because people know the blank name and connection with the hospital, for example. But I don't think everybody is well aware of all of these philanthropies. It might be worth mentioning and of your own interest. Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2789.2,2824.21"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e it's very kind of you, uh, Dan and I guess everybody knows that. So people have been very, uh, charitable both with their time and money, such as the actors and, uh, walkathons and uh, uh, various charities that are perhaps led or sponsored by people in the motion picture industry. Uh, dad has always been very charitable minded and, have been very active in the community. Uh, to have the outstanding, uh, single project that he took on was the building of the Children's Hospital, which was built during the war. Uh, he was a good friend of Franklin Roosevelt, and, uh, prevailed on him to allow us to get the building materials that was needed during the war to build the children's hospital, which at that time, uh, was built mainly, uh, to handle polio patients. Uh, actually, Roosevelt was very, uh, Amenable to this and because of his illness and childhood illness. So, uh, the Raymond Blanc Memorial Hospital was completed in late 43. Uh, it became nationally known because of the fine job done by many of the doctors, particularly Lee Hill, uh, who turned it into a teaching hospital. And some of the top pediatricians around the country are members of the graduating classes of the residency there at the hospital. Uh, for your information, we do plan to tear that building down. In 1978 and a new large, modern hospital will be put in there about the same spot where it is now. Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2824.25,2996.87"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e again, this will be a children's hospital. This","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2996.87,2998.71"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e will be just just for children. Uh, also added to this children's hospital was the Des Moines Child Guidance Center, which we built the building to houses. And the SEL Guidance Center cooperates with the children's hospital in serving the children of that, uh, need their care. Uh, dad also helped build the city Zoo. Became known as the Blank Park and also the golf course, which is part of that compound. Uh, he's been quite active in charities of the Boy Scouts, uh, where, uh, he built the main lodge and the small hospital that's there, um, at Camp Mitigwa. Uh. He had interest in the arts center, perhaps because of my wife. And one of the main galleries is known as the Age Blank Gallery. And","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2998.71,3094.72"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e I believe your wife is president of the Art Center board at this time, isn't she? My","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=3094.72,3100.24"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e wife was is past president. She just finished her two year, uh, job about three months ago. But she's the head of the acquisition committee and still quite active, uh, with the, uh, Art center. You","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=3100.24,3123.64"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e have any other interests? Yes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=3123.64,3127.56"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e I. Do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=3127.56,3128.24"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e I'd like to hear about them. I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=3128.92,3130.92"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/transcript/87306/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e I've continued, uh, working with many of the things that dad started and have served on the board of the Iowa methodist hospital, uh, since 1955. Uh, also served as, uh, I presently serve as treasurer of the Methodist Hospital. Now known as the Medical Centers. Uh.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=3131.48,3166.69"}]},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Auto-generated Index (2025-09-26 19:58:24) [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Early Life and Family Background","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=0.0,80.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The speaker introduces his family's deep roots in the movie theater business, beginning with his father's entry into the industry around 1910. He describes being born into the business, with his mother helping at the theater and him spending much of his childhood there. This background sets the stage for understanding the family's long-standing involvement in the motion picture industry.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=0.0,80.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Star Theater and Early Movie Business in Des Moines","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=80.0,464.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The speaker discusses his birthplace in Des Moines and details his father's pioneering efforts in the local movie theater scene, particularly with the Star Theater. He explains the theater's location, its role as a gathering place for people waiting for streetcars, and the origins of the term 'Nickel Domes' due to the five-cent admission. The narrative also touches on the lack of prior experience his father had before entering the business and the early logistics of acquiring films from New York.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=80.0,464.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Expansion and Competition in the Theater Business","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=464.0,633.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The conversation shifts to the expansion of the family's theater operations beyond Des Moines into other cities in Iowa and Nebraska. The speaker describes the challenges of acquiring film rights, the competitive landscape with other local theater owners, and the process of obtaining state rights for film distribution. This period marks significant growth and increasing complexity in the business.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=464.0,633.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Involvement in First National Pictures and Industry Changes","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=633.0,828.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The speaker explains how theater owners, including his father, responded to changes in the industry by forming First National Pictures to maintain influence as producers began their own distribution. He notes the involvement of major stars and the eventual absorption of First National by Warner Brothers. The chapter also covers the transition to sound films and the significant investments required to adapt theaters to new technology.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=633.0,828.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Myron Blank’s Personal Involvement and Education","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=828.0,1047.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The speaker recounts his early involvement in the family business during his teenage years, working summers in various roles such as cleaning film and shipping materials. He describes his academic journey at the University of Michigan, his studies in liberal arts and law, and his decision to return to the business during the Great Depression. This chapter highlights his hands-on experience and educational background.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=828.0,1047.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Transition of Business Ownership and Central States Theater Corporation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1047.0,1242.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The narrative moves to the sale of major theaters to Paramount Pictures and the creation of Central States Theater Corporation for smaller towns. The speaker describes the impact of the Great Depression, Paramount's bankruptcy, and his father's role in reorganizing the business. He also discusses his own eventual leadership of Central States after World War II.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1047.0,1242.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Growth of Drive-In Theaters and Changes in Movie Attendance","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1242.0,1475.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The speaker outlines the expansion into drive-in theaters after World War II, noting the construction of the first drive-in in Iowa and the subsequent boom before the Korean War. He discusses the decline in traditional movie attendance due to changing habits, the rise of television, and the shift in family entertainment patterns. The chapter emphasizes the evolving landscape of movie-going in response to societal changes.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1242.0,1475.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Economics and Structure of Modern Theaters","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1475.0,1576.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Attention turns to the economic realities of the modern movie industry, including the high costs of film production and the move toward multiplex theaters. The speaker explains why new theaters are less lavish, focusing on efficiency and serving segmented audiences. He describes the company's adoption of twin and triplex theaters and the trend toward building multiple screens under one roof.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1475.0,1576.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Film Quality, Audience, and Rating System","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1576.0,2029.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The discussion addresses the changing nature of film content, the segmentation of audiences, and the development of the movie rating system. The speaker notes that films are no longer made for broad family audiences, with companies like Disney being exceptions. He explains the rationale behind the G, PG, and R ratings, and touches on the presence of independent distributors and the limited impact of adult films on mainstream theaters.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=1576.0,2029.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Censorship, Community Standards, and Public Response","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2029.0,2417.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The speaker discusses the ongoing issue of censorship in the movie industry, referencing historical figures like Will Hays and the challenges of balancing diverse community standards. He describes how community groups, such as PTAs and religious organizations, express their concerns to theater managers and how the industry responds. The chapter also explores the impact of boycotts and the evolving openness of society regarding sensitive topics.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2029.0,2417.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Popularity of Films and the Role of Stars","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2417.0,2674.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The conversation explores the unpredictability of film success, using examples like Star Wars and Jaws to illustrate how even industry insiders are often surprised by what becomes popular. The speaker discusses the role of publicity, the influence of stars, and the limitations of market research in predicting hits. He also reflects on the enduring appeal of classics like Gone with the Wind and the changing significance of star power.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2417.0,2674.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Future Trends in the Movie Theater Industry","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2674.0,2786.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The speaker looks ahead to future trends, including the decline of large single-auditorium theaters, the rise of cable and pay TV, and speculation about the potential end of traditional theaters. He expresses skepticism about the complete replacement of theaters by home entertainment, emphasizing the continued desire for public outings and the company's ongoing investment in new theaters.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2674.0,2786.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Philanthropy and Community Involvement","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2786.0,3212.224"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980/index/90253/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The final section shifts focus to the philanthropic activities of the Blank family, highlighting their contributions to the Children's Hospital, the city zoo (Blank Park), the Boy Scouts, and the arts center. The speaker describes his father's efforts to secure resources for the hospital during wartime, the family's ongoing involvement in community organizations, and his own service on hospital boards. The chapter underscores the family's legacy of civic engagement and charitable giving.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163698/file/297980#t=2786.0,3212.224"}]}]}]}