{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/z02z31qt4p/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["David Wolnerman's son Michael speaks at Caspe"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/184/original/ijhs2_logo.png?1629814295","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Michael Wolnerman"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2019-08-31"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["A Jewish Federation of Greater Des Moines event at Caspe Terrace honoring David Wolnerman, long time memver of the Jewish Community"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["MPEG-4"]}},{"label":{"en":["Keyword"]},"value":{"en":["Jewish Federation of Greater Des Moines","David Wolnerman","Michael Wolnerman"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["TheirStory"]}}],"summary":{"en":["A Jewish Federation of Greater Des Moines event at Caspe Terrace honoring David Wolnerman, long time memver of the Jewish Community"]},"provider":[{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Iowa Jewish Historical Society"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Iowa Jewish Historical Society"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/184/original/ijhs2_logo.png?1629814295","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/297/973/small/open-uri20251201-428871-rw6d2d_1764603059.jpg?1764603062","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - open-uri20251201-428871-rw6d2d.mp4"]},"duration":3451.49867,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/297/973/small/open-uri20251201-428871-rw6d2d_1764603059.jpg?1764603062","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-jewishdesmoines.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/297/973/original/open-uri20251201-428871-rw6d2d.mp4?1764603048","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":3451.49867,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["TheirStory Transcript (Paragraphs with Speakers) [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e At another organization and he speaking of storytelling, he has a fantastic story to share. Unfortunately, his dad, David was unable to be here today. However, um, my uncle is going to share his story. Um, and he gave me a couple of things would like me to add. He is the greatest guy ever. He is very smart and he is a Holocaust survivor child. And we are just chatting here. Um, a lot of this is going to be pretty casual, and you're given the opportunity to ask questions, but I want to challenge you all. You're all very comfortable with one another now, um, as a class. So please, um, be in. Michael said this to ask anything. He challenges you to really ask those hard questions. Um, because that's what you want, and that's what it's here for. So listen, enjoy. And I will start with the video. If you want to say a couple, please. No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=0.44,58.76"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Go ahead. We've not done this before, so we're going to see what happens. My","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=58.8,63.67"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S3:\u003c/strong\u003e name is David originally. Thank you. So the Nazis come to town and told me if you need some people to go to work, if you go to work, your mother will be saved. I want to help. I didn't take too long. He took my mother because she was older. He took it to Auschwitz and the crematorium because she couldn't go to work. I got the number. Then I got into it in the canal. That's how we got food. But then I was liberated. I pray for you. So if I would have to go back, I wouldn't go. I would fight you. Don't forget you forgive. Your life in Miami is very, very nice. Very good. The rest of the years, I only wish to God to give me years to live. I got everything I need on the outside. Thank","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=63.67,124.93"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e you for doing that for me. So, um, you know, there's never really a good place to start with something like that. So I thought it just dawned on me. Why don't we do this? Why don't we do that? One minute story was maybe less than a minute for you to see. My dad. That's. My dad still lives here in Des Moines at 3131 Flora drive, right at the corner of Park and Flora. The cabinet was there. Uh, 92 year old man, um, had regenix shots in his knees on Friday and one of his knees. So that's stem cells. I want to be familiar with this and go into his hip. They drill them out, they harvest them and do whatever they do. They inject it back into his knees. And I have to tell you, I'm a pharmacist, for God's sakes, and I needles give me the heebie jeebies. He had four of these things into his knee, and the doctor says, you're okay, you're fine. Any pain? He's like, no, it's all good. I've experienced pain. He said, this is no problem. So that's an example of my dad. Me. I get a paper cut, I start our crime, you know. But I wanted you to see that. That's my dad. I mean, like, really today? That was taken a couple of years ago in Miami. They were snowbirds, lived in West Des Moines, um, and were snowbirds. And so I thought, you know what? What a way to start. So we'll do that. So I'm not a public speaker, actually. Um, but I do have a story to tell, right? Apparently, the story has been fallen upon me after all these years of being a Holocaust survivor's child. Um, so I guess I'd like to start a little bit with background on my mom and dad, who were both Holocaust survivors. Um, my mom was one of six girls. My mom was also a twin, which when I say that, starts raising some questions, right? Mengele twins testing. Thank God, my mom's sister or my mom, neither one of them were, um, were subjected to any of those kind of, uh, experiments, which is unfortunate because my aunt, my mom's sister, ended up going to a camp and ultimately, um, getting killed and going through the gas chambers. Um, so just so you know, gas chambers first, Crematorium second. Right. The gas, the people, they die, they put them into crematorium, and then they burn them. So my mom was one of six girls. She survived with her two sisters, two other sisters. My dad is one of four children. And he survived with my aunt and my aunt and her husband, Joe. Uncle Joe, um, moved to Gary, Indiana. My dad and mom moved to Cleveland, Ohio. When I came to America, and it was through something like the Jewish Federation that we are here today, and what we have now is the federation would sponsor them. So it took five years for my dad and mom to come to America. Um, if you listen to my dad, he says, you just don't cross the border. You have to comply. So there's five years of a process of that. And they came and ended up in Cleveland, Ohio. And my dad was a presser. He had a job, unlike, um, what people say even to this day, that America is paved with gold. Um, he knew that there was something you had to do. You had to learn a trade. So he was 13 years old when he went into the concentration camp. As you heard on the recording, um, the soldiers came to the door in this very small town. My parents, my dad was very poor family. My mom was a very wealthy family. Um, and came to the door and said, if your son comes with us, then you'll be saved. And of course, that ultimately did not happen. So at 13, my dad left. So imagine not a day like today at 80 degrees. But imagine a day half the temperature. Um, and they're so poor. My dad had slacks or, or a pair of pants. That one leg was higher than the other. He always talked about. That's how poor they were. So how would that? I mean, imagine that, right? 40 degrees. The soldiers come in dressed head to toe in uniform, come to a poor little family. No Wi-Fi, no TVs, no radios, no connection to the real world. And just kilometers away is Auschwitz. And so my mother, I asked my dad, these are stories that I recently just asked my dad. So it's kind of cool. I mean, recently, like in the last few years, I said, what did your mom give you? What did what did I mean? She gave me a sack lunch. I mean, what did she give you? Lean cuisine, what did you get? And so he said a piece of bread wrapped in a wrapped in a handkerchief and a little water in a container. And that's what he left with. And he said, see you later. Goodbye, shirt. Whatever clothes he had on his body. And so ultimately, he went to a small camp with about 120 people, 120 young men. And, um, and then he ultimately moved to other camps. And overall, he was probably in about 10 or 12 camps. He doesn't recall exactly. Um, certainly doesn't remember exactly every single name. Even to this day, he will remember. And more importantly, he didn't talk about it until, um, later on in years in life, even when I was my son's age. We have two children, Eli and Benny. Benny is gonna be nine So my best way of sticking it to Hitler is, you know, us having kids and being productive. My dad and mom having two children, they both went to pharmacy school at Drake Bulldogs. And so, you know, that's our way of sticking it to Hitler, right? Really growing, getting educated and becoming a good citizen in your community, wherever it is you live. Cleveland, Ohio. Gary, Indiana. Des Moines, Iowa, wherever it is. And that's what makes my mom and dad really proud. That's all they ever cared about was to pay for their education. And that's what they did for us. Um, so, you know, that was, uh, that was kind of something new to me is learning what it was that happened. I said, what did you walk away with? So that was only recently that I knew what he walked outside the door was when you said goodbye to his mom for the last time. And his sister, um, and we my dad and I started answering questions. We're not good public speakers, so we go and answer questions to schools. So recently we were at like, Dallas Center-grimes High School and there was an eighth grade class. And there are certain questions that eighth graders would ask. There are certain questions all of you will ask, and there will be similar. Most of them. And then every now and then, you get some really tough questions. So there's a company here in West Des Moines that me and some partners started. Outcomes nctm. I don't know if you've ever heard of it. Medication therapy management company here in West Des Moines, right across from Embassy West and sold to Cardinal Health a few years ago. Before we sold, I had my dad come and meet some people at the office. So what what I'd like you to do is think of some good questions. One of them that Mallory asked there was to my dad, which I never heard a question like this before. So did you ever see any women getting raped? And I thought, wow, that was powerful because I've never heard that before. Certainly you wouldn't hear that from an eighth grader or Dallas Center-grimes, Iowa. And so I thought that was interesting. But a lot of questions are going to be similar. But these questions are wonderful. So ask me, as a child of a survivor, um, I can answer, you know, in proxy of my mom and my dad, but I can also answer my own questions if you have questions of me directly. Um, somebody else asked if they thought I was at home. No, of course not. Or are you? So I don't know what that meant either, but that was from an eighth grader, so you know. Do you think you're normal? No. Or is it so? Absolutely not. Um. So also continue with the story. My dad and mom, um, moved to Cleveland, Ohio, where my dad, my mom's sister lived. And, um, so, again, my mom had two surviving sisters. Uh, gotcha. In New York and uncle Ben. He owned the Warren Candy company, ultimately, which made goobers. Raisinets. Oh, Henry. Bars now and laters. All those wonderful candies that we love so much. And, uh, then he sold to a much larger company called Nestle. So he did very well as a Holocaust survivor with his wife. And they had one child, a very small family. So mom's sister, um, sisters had, uh, all girls. So one sister had red one girl? One sister had two girls, so I had three cousins there. And my dad's sister had one girl. Um, so I had one cousin there. So growing up, it was really a small family. And then they, um, they were encouraged, uh, to go to Gary, Indiana, where my dad's sister, uh, her, my aunt lived, and we literally lived right next door to each other in Miller Beach, right there near the lake, which is awesome. My dad always said, if I can't afford the homes of these big wealthy people, I want to be the smallest home on the biggest block. So at least he was thinking the right way. And so it was great. And we lived right next door to my aunt. So when I call on the phone, she wouldn't answer. I knew she was right there because that was the day she was home. That was the baby by a long shot. My brother's ten years older than me, but a longer ten years older than me. And so my cousins, um. And so, so I'm definitely the youngest and certainly probably one of the youngest Holocaust survivor children as well. So, um, then my dad and my aunt and my uncle partnered up in a grocery store, and they One small grocery store in Gary, Indiana. And then they grew and owned another one. And that's what my dad did in the same store. Ultimately in East Chicago, Indiana. For 42 years. And during that time, my brother credited older than me. Applied to pharmacy schools and and again. My dad only had like a third or fourth grade education. So he didn't know. And my brother says, hey, I got accepted to some of these schools for pharmacy. Which one do you go to? My dad says, who responded first? And he said, Drake. And my dad said, that's where you're going. So that's how we did it. You brought us here. And then, of course, all those trips with Mom and Dad and I would make not so much my dad, he was a workaholic. Um, what's the Beatles song? Uh, working seven days a week. Eight days a week. That was kind of like my dad. He worked a lot, so he wasn't at any of my little league games. He wasn't really there for that. But he had a different mindset. He thought, I'm going to get, you know, accumulate these. Great saver. Not like me. I'm terrible. So if there's any financial planners, financial guys out here, which I believe there are some. Uh, please give me all of your light. I need it. Um, so he said he's great. And so, uh, he wanted to make sure he paid for a college education. We didn't know it at the time. Um, we all had to work. And then our graduation gift was him paying for all the loans and everything else. Which is kind of a neat way of doing it, I guess. Um, although it was fun working at Duke Pharmacy by Drake and all of that good stuff. Um, so when my mom would come to the point, she had said to my dad, we're going to live in one someday. These people here are wonderful. They're so nice. And my mom was a little fashionista. Right? So we were just a South Shore train trip away to downtown Chicago Miracle Mile. My mom loved it, right? I remember my mom came from a wealthy family, one of six girls with a nanny and a maid and all that good stuff that comes with having wealth in Poland. And so, um, she kept that in her head. Right. So that's her program was to go downtown shopping, start with all the great stores and spend all the money. My dad was great. So that's what we did. And, um, she said she came in the morning, and the people at Yonkers were just so nice and so friendly that she said that we were going to move to Des Moines anyway. So, lo and behold, my dad had open heart surgery and ultimately couldn't return to work. He could have returned to work, I should say. But after a goal in a brushed stainless Presbyterian hospital in Chicago, said David, is your attitude if you do go back to work? I know well enough to know that you're really working. You're going to continue to unload those potatoes off trucks. You're going to really rub those nickels together. I don't think it's a good idea for you to go back to work. So he retired, retired pretty young, and moved to Des Moines. 5201 Boulder Drive here in West Des Moines. And, um, right off Ashworth and past 50, uh, 50th. And actually, there wasn't much there. In fact, there wasn't even a bridge to go over the interstate there. So and ultimately I moved in, I went there, I lived there while I went to pharmacy school. So it was awesome, right? Because we had Gladys Kravitz living across the street. She'd call my brother, say, why is a white Ford sitting out there? And a single woman coming in and out of the house all the time. So my brother would call me and say, uh oh, what are you doing? I'm like, well, uh, you know, it's like a revolving door on college. So. So we have a great time. But I never had good parties. That's one thing I never did. So, um, then my parents were literally gone the whole time I was in college, which was fun for me. And then I graduated. Drake moved to Chicago, met a girl, came back to Des Moines and started a role in commercial real estate. So that was the number one commercial realtor in survival for three years. I'm very proud of that. Um, and I still do real estate just for myself, but I have my pharmacy degree, and I have my, uh, designation as a certified commercial firm and a certified commercial investment member for real estate. And my brother, in the meantime, had a different passion. He wanted to go off and own pharmacies. So he owned Urbandale Pharmacy, Franklin Pharmacy, even a long term care pharmacy called the pharmacy were ten years apart and absolutely nothing alike. I tell everybody that apples fall from trees. Well, this one rolled way downhill. Nothing like me at all. Which my dad always said. How do I have two children that are so different? And so that's fine. And then he said, you know what? I want to retire. Time for me retire. My sister was my doctor, the one who moved down to Florida. Um, I want to study the pharmacy. So I went back into pharmacy. So I've always maintained my license in Illinois, and I did that. And so then just a few years ago, as my mom was declining from Alzheimer's and dementia, we brought them back and, um, Kardashian style took a Learjet with a flight nurse because my mom couldn't fly on a commercial plane, um, and brought them to the Des Moines airport on September 1st. A few years ago, and she declined and passed away three years ago this past January. And my dad still lives in the building. And his caregivers in the morning, caregivers in the evening. It was really well on his own. His mind is really sharp. His knees, as we said, are terrible. But they they're getting better. And again, I have two children, 27, lives in Detroit, and his wife, Beatrice. They have a great company called Pokemon, and they're doing really well. And, um, our other son, Benny, is going to be nine this Saturday. So my brother has two children, um, a boy and a girl. His daughter is a psychologist and his son's a rabbi of all things. Graduated high school. First time at W was in the front row. It was shocking. That was dumb. That wasn't so smart. Although, thanks for the compliment that I wrote down. I can't say that I was smart. Um, so yeah, first time W graduated the front row, which is really cool. And then he went off to, uh, to college and, uh, became a rabbi and his children also. So that sums up my immediate family kind of thing. And, uh, I work in Des Moines for a pharmacy data company that I created with some friends in downtown Des Moines. And it's really been fun. Um, and I enjoy it. And my wife's born and raised in Des Moines, so we stay here and love it. Um, don't see ourselves going anywhere else but, um, being a Holocaust survivors child, I would imagine in your minds there's got to be something swimming around. But I do want to ask a couple of questions first. How many people here have ever met a Holocaust survivor? There were some in Des Moines, and I'll mention some of them to you. So I see a few hands up. Great. Um, so there may be names like ours or officials or things like that. Some names like that, that may read to you. And they were significant people in this town. Um, there's obviously other significant people in that Holocaust survivors, but also immigrants, Jewish immigrants, um, that came to America and ultimately landed in Iowa. Pomeranz's other big name and people that are Jewish that have created and made headway here in this city and state. Um, so, you know, I like to think that we've done some things right. And so, again, that's my way of sticking it to Hitler. Right? That's my way of flipping the bird to Hitler and saying, look what you've done, right? Open your medicine cabinet and wipe out half the prescriptions in there, and you'll wipe out half of the technology that the Israelis and the Jewish people have created for the world. So that's how I look at it. But, um, I don't think I have I will fall on these things. But please do me a favor. I'd like to ask all kinds of questions that I want to answer. If I can't answer, I'll tell you. But it'd be shocking if I couldn't answer a question. So please, Caroline. Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=124.97,1083.59"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S4:\u003c/strong\u003e Thank you. Michael. So I have two questions, please. Not. The first one is, um, when you can one line answer first. So one question is the traditions of the Jewish faith and lifestyle are thousands of years old, and we've spent the morning here learning about how to tell stories. I'd like to hear from you. How story telling wove itself into the fabric of your family life. Okay, that's question number one. Question number two. I understand that the title of your dad was here. The title might be called A Lucky Lie. And the story behind that is okay. Why? I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=1083.59,1133.5"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e mean, unfortunately, none of you get that unless you go out and buy it, but this one's given to Maori strategies today. So thank you. So I'll leave this here for you. But it is. It's the lucky lion. We'll talk about that. That in and of itself is its own story. Carol, thank you for bringing that up. So, um, tell me stories and traditions and Jewishness and Judaism. It's interesting. So, um, I grew up more in a conservative family, so there's so if you think about it, there's like really orthodox families and there's titles to those kind of those kind of religious Jews. Then there's Orthodox, conservative and reform. Um, my wife grew up more reformed. I grew up more conservative. But even in our own household, we keep kosher. So keeping kosher is easy for us. Ben and Jerry's kosher, so I'm golden, so I don't miss it, I don't care, I don't eat much meat anyway, so fine. Kosher. Our home means you have two separate, um, sinks to separate dishes. Two separate utensils for meat and dairy. It's in Leviticus. So a friend of mine, Tom Hall, was dating a wonderful young woman. And she'd said to me every time we'd go out, she says, so, um, so you never had cheeseburger? And I said, no, never had cheeseburgers, never had pepperoni and a pizza. And I said, no, no, never had pepperoni pizza, bacon, lettuce and tomato sandwiches. Never did. She goes, well, when did that start? I said, well, uh, 5770 years ago. Leviticus. I don't know when it started. I don't know just what we do now. I didn't grow up in that kind of household. My parents, fortunately for them, love it. They go to waterfront, uh, clam chowder, for God's sakes. They love it. So, um, traditions are what? It's interesting because. And I'm not the best expert on this. I'm certainly not a rabbi, but traditions in Judaism and religion in Judaism are sometimes tied together, right? How many people here know what kosher penicillin is? Right? Seinfeld. Chicken soup. Right. So it just sort of weaves into the culture of the world. America in particular, the Western culture. Um, but I grew up conservative, leaning towards Orthodox. So I'd pray every morning. My dad prays every morning. And if you ask my dad, what was the one thing that kept you going? He said it was my faith in God. And we went down to very faithful to him. And so I figured if a 92 year old man could pray every morning. I pray every morning. Believe you me, I continue to pray for it. So, um. That's what. So I figured if he could do it, I can do it. And so that's that part of it. And then the other part, Carol, you were going to ask about the Lucky line number. So Judaism, um, again, I'm not the expert on it, but numerology and Judaism really go hand in hand. So my dad's number, I want you to have this up. My dad's number on his arm that was tattooed when he first walked into Auschwitz. Now, mind you, my dad's been in other camps, so at this point in time he could have been around 14 years old, perhaps 15, but he could have been 14 years old when he went into Auschwitz. And the number on his arm had this up 160344160344. All right. Just call it out. It adds up to what number? 18. 18. 18 is significant to Jews because pi is the Hebrew letter for life. And I don't know the history of all this or where it came from or how how it exists. But 18 is life. It's my dad's number adds up to life. The only other person that's survived only until recently was a Nobel laureate, Elie Wiesel. His number added up to 18. So I'll tell you a quick story about how my dad had found out his number was 18 or added up to 18. They were at a party in Florida who saw the video. My parents were snowbirds, so they were in Miami and they went to a party and the man came up to him. They were a little quick background. There were ten boys in the camp at Auschwitz that said they all stuck around together, and one of them was a couple of years older than the rest of them. So he was kind of the leader of the troop. So the ten boys. And, um, so fast forward there in a party in Miami and then a friend of theirs had and this and this man came up to my dad and said, you're David didn't even know his last name. Said, You're David. My dad says, I am. And he says, and you were in Auschwitz. And around this time, blah, blah, blah. And your number is 18. My dad says, nice to meet you. I've got to go with my wife. No, my number is not 18. That's really 160344. You got me mistaken. Nice to meet you. And my dad said he was a great fella. He was a really good guy. He said no, come back here. I want to tell you. He says to pass time in the camps. Now, mind you, they did nothing right. They stood in line and started pajamas with the mohawk, you know, cut into their head so that they could be identified if they ever get, if they ever escape. For about three hours in the morning for roll call in their pajamas. Whatever the weather was like. Anywhere from an hour to three hours. Um. And so to pass time when we weren't working, this man would add up the people's arms. The numbers of arms, he would just add them up just to pass time. And so he remembered my dad's added up to 18. So all these years now, over 47 years that had passed until he met this guy. All those years, my dad never knew that. In fact, when I was my age, my dad was washing up. I was about nine. I asked him, I said, dad, what's that number on your arm? And he said, shh, it's your my girlfriends telephone number. Don't tell your mom. That's how he got around it. For a nine year old or an eight year old, he didn't know how to really talk about it, nor did he ever. And, um, and so that is significant to you. So the number on his arm is 18. Another interesting story. When my dad went into Auschwitz. You hear all these stories, I'm sure. And I say stories with their truths. Um, they were in a line. And in this queue, my dad noticed that some people were going to the left or right. Remember in some healthier people going to the right. So let's say left or right? Left is bad. Right is good. So he saw old, frail women going to the left. He saw young, young, young children, kids going to the left. So he went up there and the man asked him in German. Mr.. How old are you? And he said, I'm 18. My dad was 13. And so, um, so that was his lucky lie. So he lied and that wasn't too uncommon. So hopefully some of you are fast forwarding this to your brain saying, well, what is what's he going to do with Medicare? So he comes to the country. And when he came to America, he got Medicare, and he's called up Medicare service back in Gary, Indiana. And he says to this woman, he still remembers her name was Karen. He said, Karen. He says, look, I have to tell you, I really not whatever age it was back then, uh, I really, you know, a few years younger. And she said, David, it would be so much work for me to change that we're going to keep you the same age you are now. So you go to the doctor. They look at him like, wow, David, you look great for 100. So. Funny, because he's really not. So they didn't want even the government didn't want to change anymore. They just left it alone. So he tried to do the right thing and they just let him do it. So they got he doesn't use it, use Medicare as well for much really. Anyway, he's pretty healthy man. So that is an interesting connection. So 18 is very significant. And another little story. There was a necklace of the letter Chi. I think it's on here. If you can kind of see it. That letter right there is the Hebrew letter for Hai. And um like you may have heard of him right before him or her. Um, so hai means to life or lihi means to life. And so the soldiers that came into the camp, my dad was ultimately liberated from Dachau, from General Eisenhower's soldiers. Now, we didn't know this until many years later, but the soldiers were not told where they were going. They were they were told they had to go to this camp and liberate the camp. But they weren't told that they were Jews in the camp because they didn't know if some of these soldiers had anti-Semitic views or not. So they didn't tell them that. Um, I found this out from Major General or here in the state of retiring next week. And so they came in armed with guns drawn, ready to go. They see these men jumping onto the jeeps and striped pajamas, trying to steal their rations. They didn't know what the hell was going on. And they had the guns out. They pushed them all away. And my dad was in camp with gay men. He was in camp with priests. He was in camp with Frenchmen and Italian men, all kinds of nationalities. And so they were all swearing to these American soldiers in their native tongue. And my dad was swearing in Yiddish. And so one guy who was an army, I want to say captain, a Navy lieutenant, captain, some senior official major went to my dad and spoke to him in Yiddish and said, do you understand something? You pull off a necklace out of his, off his collar and said, do you know what this is? My dad said, hi, that's a high. He says to my dad, Yiddish says, you're the first Jewish person I've seen here since I left Austria, he said. You have to go that direction. The camps are being liberated. So again, that was another factor to my dad, which is really interesting. And, uh, and his parking space in the park for Pentominium is 18. So that's why I bought it for. Oh.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=1133.5,1655.93"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e It's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=1657.09,1657.33"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e kind of interesting. You know how the number matters, right? Go ahead. Can","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=1657.33,1661.77"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e you also share the story of your mom and the garden, I believe? Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=1661.77,1666.53"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e So. My mom wasn't really like my dad, but she got a number on her arm and was committed to a certain concentration camp. She was, like, with her sisters. They were moving in as. I don't know how much you know of the history. I don't, but I know enough to be dangerous. And so as the Allied troops were coming in, Russian troops and the American troops were coming in and liberating these camps, um, the Nazis wanted to cover up what they were doing. So they were buried as much as they could, burning as much as they could. And some of these camps and some of these um, facilities. And my mom was more on a, um, march. She was, like, marching from one place to another with a bunch of other women. And so there was a soldier in Funderburg, and, uh, he had to set his satchel or his backpack, and out of there was a French loaf of bread, and my mom stole it, and he felt it, and he heard it, and he turns around and he puts the gun to her, and he says to her, did you steal this? And she said, I did. She says, because you don't need it, and we're hungry. And my mom's kind of a feisty person. So, um, he said, you know what? You're going to survive this. And he says, you and your sisters and friends can have that loaf of bread. So that was an interesting story that I remember growing up with. And probably that's why, you know, a little bit of that falls into my brother and me and a lot of Holocaust survivor children, um, children of Holocaust survivors, you know, we have that that passion, that determination, that, um, perseverance. Right. There was someone here in town, Doug Reinhart, a dear friend of mine, who says to me, no, his war played a yes unless it's with women. But he says, no. His is work, but yes in business. So I look at it that way too. So the same thing with my mom, you know. What does she have? What did she have to lose? He could have shot her very well. Could have happened, but what else would she have had to lose? So at least she got the loaf of bread. And they were able to survive a few more days without too much hunger. So thanks for bringing that up. There's a lot of those kind of stories. It's really interesting. In fact, my mom's mom and you've seen this, I'm sure if you've watched Schindler's List, my mom's mom had a little again, they were very wealthy, had a little pack packet, and it had a lot of loose diamonds in it. And let's be frank, women can store these diamonds in places that men can't. And, um, she gave each daughter a couple of few of these diamonds. And so, um, my mom used one of those diamonds to buy some potatoes and soup from a Nazi so that she could share with her sisters and friends. And this woman was not that bad of a Nazi. Um, after the war, they saw each other on the bus in Munich, and the woman kept that diamond and gave it back to my mom on the bus. Wow. And my mom had another diamond that she ended up keeping. So my brother used that one diamond as an engagement ring with his wife, and I used it as an engagement ring for my wife. So don't tell them where they hit you. Yes. How","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=1666.69,1837.61"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e old. Were.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=1837.61,1838.05"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S4:\u003c/strong\u003e You.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=1838.05,1838.33"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e When","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=1838.37,1838.65"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e you found out? And","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=1839.33,1842.57"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S4:\u003c/strong\u003e how. Did","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=1842.57,1842.89"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e they. Explain","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=1842.89,1843.65"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S4:\u003c/strong\u003e it. To","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=1843.65,1843.89"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e you? I'll repeat the question. So how old was I when I found out my parents were Holocaust survivors? Well, I would say this. I kind of thought my parents were weird right away, right? I mean, they smoke funny, right? My mom, we spoke Polish, Yiddish, German at home, little English. So my brother actually started school speaking Polish and Yiddish before he even learned English. So imagine that transition in kindergarten or first grade in America. And in Cleveland, Ohio, my brother was born in Cleveland, so, you know, I wouldn't say it was pretty. Many things were different. You know, my mom was pretty protective, right? So my brother, you can sit on a cold curb, and she would run out and put a pillow in his ass. But his friends would make fun of him. So she learned that was a mistake. But in my case, I was the one who was able to swim in an ice skate on the lagoon. It was kind of like two different families. I was raised in two different families. Right. Ten years apart. A whole decade apart. It's like two different families. Um, my mom was more liberal with me than she was with my brother. Um, my dad was just always working. He just knew my mom was running the household. My dad would work within the bringing in the pay, whereas we would say he'd bring home the bacon. And so, um, I would say I was seven. Tell me about kindergarten ish, knowing things were a little bit different. You know, it was a little more pampered probably than some of my friends. Um, which, unfortunately, I think I still do. I did, and due to my kids a little bit. So yeah different for sure. Good question. Yeah. Keep them coming. Did they ever tell you I mean obviously they had to formally. Tell","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=1843.89,1939.42"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S5:\u003c/strong\u003e you at some point. Yeah. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=1939.42,1941.02"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e did they tell me they were Holocaust writers. Well, they're they're, uh, click of friends were Holocaust survivors, right. Even when they even in Gary, Indiana, they were friends that owned steel mills of Gary had real big companies and other grocery stores and whatnot, and they all kind of assimilated. They just all did things together. We did Jewish parties together. It was sort of like married to the mob. We saw Goodfellas. That's kind of what it was like for me. It didn't seem any different to me. It was normal. Right. Um, it was kind of normal that an 18 Wheeler brought in loads of coffee to the back of the store for him to sell the Dominick's and, and, uh, Jewel at a higher price. I didn't know it was stolen. I mean, you know, what do you want from me? He would always say to me. He would always say, don't do what I do, what I'm doing. You don't do. And believe it or not, I listened to him, I really did. I don't do that. Straight as an arrow. I'm chairperson of the Board of Health, for God's sakes. I'd better be straight. And so, um, you know, I. Yeah, I think it was kind of like that. Does it help answer your question? Yeah. Go ahead. Have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=1941.02,2002.77"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S6:\u003c/strong\u003e you ever visited Auschwitz or gone back with even your father? And","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2002.77,2006.73"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm going to answer that question this way. So my mom and dad have gone back to gone back to, um, in about the 80s, right around the time they came here, they went with another couple of friends and they toured around Love Prague, by the way. They loved it. It was the most beautiful place they've ever been. And they went to Poland back to where they grew up, my dad's house, you know, again, they were so poor. It was kind of like the Three Little pigs. I think they got blown down. My mom's building still exists. They own a soda water factory. That's what my mom said the family did. And so they did very well at that. And the buildings still exist. And so, um, my mom was at the hotel, and she speaks fluent Polish. In fact, I still remember reading letters that she would write to her sisters in Polish. You know, my my dear Sally. That's how you start. Which means make yourself. And so, um, she was getting a manicure mani pedi at the hotel in this beautiful town in Poland. And I don't remember what city. And the young woman there was telling her, thinking she's Polish born and raised Polish and not Jewish, and said, um, oh, look at this. When the Jews were here, it was terrible. They did nothing for us. They ruined everything. And now now they're gone. Look what they leave us. So to answer your question, I've never been to Poland, nor do I ever care to go. Mhm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2006.77,2078.27"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Good","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2079.19,2079.35"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e question though. And by the way, I'm being super frank and I hope I don't insult anybody. Um I am I tell everyone I am Polish, my parents are Polish. Therefore I'm Polish. So um, but to go back there, that would be a real tough one for me. Um, I think I think, yeah. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2079.35,2099.27"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S5:\u003c/strong\u003e both in the video, I mean, your dad talked about forgiveness, and he talked about how, you know, it took him a long time before he was Sure. What do you think? It changed. Like what was there? Was there something that caused them to decide? So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2099.31,2112.18"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e that's a great question about my dad and forgiveness. So I can't even forgive the Uber driver in DC. That fucked me up, so I just can't do it. I mean, he was like, amazing. He's amazing. He can really let go. I mean, it's all about that, right? But that story, how they capture monkeys in the wild. So they put a Lucite box in there, they put a banana in there and a slot like a mail slot. And so when the monkey puts its hand in there to reach for the banana, they grab onto the banana and the monkey won't let go. So they drape a net over the monkey, and that's how they capture it. Thousands of dollars of education and psychology in Chicago. I've learned that from it. So, um, but that's sort of true, right? Letting go of an image. You gotta let go of things all the time. But his ability to forgive is incredible. We've got Tamara Scott, who's a big Christian advocate here in Des Moines. Uh, Christians for Israel, I believe she's involved with comes to visit my dad. By the way, his door is always unlocked. You can always go in and visit him. Um. And just tell him I sent you. And he is amazing at that. It's like she needed a dose of my dad. She says from time to time just to understand how to forgive. And she's Christian. And so, you know, it's a strange ability. It's one that's unique to him. I don't know anyone else that I've seen that has that ability. I wish we can all be that way. So but again, as my dad has always said to me, at least one of us made it. So. Michael,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2112.18,2190.85"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S4:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm sure your dad and mom both shared many stories about their survival. What was the hardest one for your dad to share or your mom? You","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2190.85,2200.45"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e know, it's interesting. It was one that came out only recently to the question was, what was some of one sort or some of the stories that my mom or dad had to share with me? That, um, was the part that really tore my heart was the most impactful. So growing up as a kid, to your point of the question of what? How did I know I was different or how things were different? My dad owned a grocery store, so my mom would make steaks right. It's kind of like the Brady Bunch. The more meat and high fat you give somebody. Oh, you think you're giving them so much love, but you're really giving them cholesterol. And so, um, you know, steaks, we had steaks at home, so we each had a steak, and my dad would tell us stories how they were so poor. That. And this is what my dad has wonderful stories before the war, not so many great stories during the war. And then wonderful stories of, um, living in Munich after the war. He was saved by, um. He was saved by Christian nuns, Catholic nuns in a cloister. Ultimately, they gave him a spoon of yogurt or a spoon of oatmeal every day until they, you know, gotten to about 7 or 8 of them. And then he then he finally got some bread. So they knew what to do, because otherwise there were plenty of hundreds of thousands of people that died after the war because they just ate so much and their bodies weren't able to take it. So one story he would say at the table was, you know, when we were growing up, if one person had had the carrot out of the soup, then the other one got the piece of chicken out of the soup, and then the other one got the suit. I mean, it was kind of like they were that part. So that was one story. I was a young boy that that struck me, um, how lucky I really am that I was able to have that whole state to my dinner. Right. Um, but another one that only happened recently was when he was sharing some of these stories with people. Some others asked that same question, like, what was the worst thing that you saw? Um, he'll get questions like, was there any soldiers nice to you? Was any Nazis nice to you? Did you make any friends in camp? So those questions existed. But there's one question that stuck with me. They said, what was the worst thing that happened to you? And my dad paused a moment and he says, you know, the worst thing that happened was one of the assignments I had was I had to put the dead bodies into the incinerator. And on one side, there was one person on the other side, another person, and they were loaded up. And the person across from him, he doesn't know this man. It was his mom and dad that he had to throw into the incinerator. And my dad says that was the worst. Probably for him to see that man, that young man, throw his mom and dad into the into the fire. So that was one that stuck. Um, I would say another one is, um, sheer fact that my dad had typhus. Um, many of you may know that lice was rampant in these camps, as they are in a lot of camps like that. And so my dad's advice was so bad, you could, if you would eat them, you could have made a meal out of them, for God's sakes. There were so many of them. You know, his armpits and his private areas. And, um, he said that breed typhus, and he had typhus, and he had no food. He had no water, no real medical attention at all. They put them in people that were sick. For some reason, he was lucky to be put into a somewhat of a hospital facility. The straw beds were thrown out because they harbored lice. So he was really on a barrack, just on a hard surface, and it was so small that the other person in the same bed with him, if that person had to move. He'd have to move. But he was delirious, right? He had typhus. He feels about two weeks of time had gone by. The person next to him never moved. And the soldiers came in, and Nazi soldiers came in and threw that guy out the window because he was dead for two weeks. My dad was laying next to this man. So that would have been another one that probably struck me. You know, as I get older as a kid, I'm like, yeah, WTF, right? Whatever. I don't know what that means. Or stories. It doesn't sink in. But as an adult, and particularly as an adult with kids, that really makes a bigger impact on me. So good questions. Like I said, keep them coming. I want them to be really good, powerful, strong questions. Right? How","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2200.45,2433.39"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S6:\u003c/strong\u003e do they determine, like who would die and how you stay alive? Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2433.39,2438.43"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e How would they determine who would die and who would live? So in the case of my dad going through Doctor Mengele, who was apparently a brilliant physician and that's, you know, and that's the really the the gist of what I don't understand is how are these smart, intelligent, bright people that love opera, that appreciates culture that are educated turned to such human beings. I still don't know the answer to that. Maybe Viktor Frankl The Meaning of Life touches on that, but I still don't know if there's an answer there. Um, but as far as you know, something like that, I, you know, I just I don't know if I have an answer. I really don't. It's a good one, though. Come on, keep it coming. Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2438.47,2480.02"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S5:\u003c/strong\u003e I've done some research on Hitler, and it sounds like you could have gone to good, good leadership or manipulative. And if you went down the manipulative avenue, do you think that the soldiers were acting out of pure fear of backlash? Or were they bought in or. I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2480.54,2498.5"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e guess that's a good question. So it was a really bright mind and knew how to. And he was a great speaker, apparently too. Right. He really was convincing. So, um, the way I understand, my dad did see Hitler, by the way, people have asked him, have you seen Hitler? So he had to go to a soccer field and remove some of the snow with a bunch of, um, these, um, people like him to remove the snow. And he saw from a distance up in the up in the bleachers, he saw Hitler. So that was as close as my dad ever really got to Hitler. Um, but how would it be that people believed? Well, apparently it would cost a wheelbarrow of money to buy a loaf of bread. Right? So the economics, um, the economy of the state was just abominable. And so I think that was a platform for him to be able to really convince these smart, wonderful people as German people to believe in to his way of thinking. And he had to have a scapegoat, right? He had to find somebody to do it. Blame it on the Jews. Right. So, um, the Armenian Holocaust happened because they blamed it on the Armenians. Same sort of deal, I think. So I would again, I don't know enough about it. I'm not a professor that way. But, um, I would say that that you're right. It could have gone either direction. Surely he could have used his His abilities for good, but he didn't. And that's what happened. But I think the platform he had was the economy. I think it was just so awful because they had just come off of World War One and they were paying retributions and they were doing things and their economy was abominable. And, um, and they just felt like, you know, we're going to create this great race and really do well. So good question. Thank you. Keep them coming. How","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2498.54,2597.27"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e did you meet? How","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2597.27,2598.67"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e did my parents meet? I love that it always comes from the woman. Why is it the man? My parents. So the reason I think I'm weird is because they're like third cousins. Um, so back then in Europe, there were always arranged marriages, but they didn't arrange their marriage. But they knew of each other. I was embarrassed to see my dad, and my dad was ashamed to go there because he was so poor. And, I mean, my mom would joke about stories. My dad was from a small town called Monza, and Monza was like really tiny, poor town. And she would joke about how poor they were. They had a four legged table with three legs, and the fourth leg was the wall. So it was like really interesting. And they met then. But after the war, no Wi-Fi, no internet, no way of knowing who's alive or who's dead. It's all word of mouth, right? There was a displaced persons camps, a DP camps that were set up, and you could go in there and put your name on a list. And again, this is all manual stuff, right? It's not electronic. And so, um, they ended up, I guess, at the same DP camp. And so, um, they kind of knew each other when they were young and they were third or fourth cousins, I like to say their fourth or fifth cousins. Everyone looks kind of. Weird.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2598.67,2669.29"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e You","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2669.53,2669.69"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e know. So I think I really do. I think that's why I'm kind of weird. Um, because they weren't, you know, too much interbreeding. And so, um, my wife wonders why I bark at night, and so. I say it's because my parents are cousins, so that's ultimately how they met. And frankly, that's how a lot of people that, um, couples met that way. They met in these displaced persons camps. They found a commonality, um, you know, every every one of them. One thing I will I will share with you. Every one of them looked at my watch. Just make sure I'm okay on time. Has a story. Every single Holocaust survivor has a story about ours. How many people familiar with the dowry clothing and leave yourself. Yeah.  got a lot of money. Great shopping. Now, I would go there and like my dad would say, you can go anywhere you want to get your clothes. So long ago, that comes from ours. And so when I graduated pharmacy school, I got my, you know, blue blazer, gray slacks. Thank you. And, uh, I was a little thinner then and had more hair and and got my clothes there. But their story, his story was a little interesting. He was married and had a family and a whole life in Europe lost all of that. His wife and his children came to America at a young a young woman, um, she was a lot like Mrs. Eisenhower. I would always call Anne, but Mrs. Eisenhower. And so Amber was born in America, and so she was one. They ended up getting married and having two kids. So he started a whole new life together. So, you know, everybody has every Holocaust survivor has a different story. But, you know, I'm going to pose a question here and I tongue in cheek, I don't know the answer, but how many people here believe the Holocaust never happened? Yeah. So Elie Wiesel was the one who said that if my dad was here today because he's a witness of what happened and you guys are seeing him, you become a witness. So hopefully it can transition to me, too, because I'm here today as a Holocaust survivor, a child of Holocaust survivor. And now you're here.  are all my witnesses of that. So, of course I'm glad nobody is a denier. But there are deniers out there. And it's strange because people ask my dad, what do you think of these people that deny the Holocaust ever happened? And he, with his great attitude, right, with his forgiving attitude, he's like, well, I'm not here to change their name. They can think whatever they want, but they're wrong. So that's how they will answer that question. So yeah. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2669.69,2817.17"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S7:\u003c/strong\u003e even though he has this positive attitude and he can let go, do you think, um, either he or you carry prejudice towards German people? Good","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2817.17,2827.25"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e question. So when I was a young boy, I had said I wanted to kill all the all the Germans. Sure. And my mom said, no way. At least let me say something to you. She said not all Germans were bad. The Nazis were bad. But not all Germans are bad. So she helped differentiate that for me. And my mom was pretty liberal, like I had all kinds of friends, but they all had to be at my house. So I had African-American friends. My Catholic friends were neighbors, John and Jeff. They were wonderful. We'd go eat at their house and their mom would serve dinner. It would be a steak dinner or some chicken dinner off the grill. And they and she was like, this real kind of like my mom, actually. She was Catholic. She's kind of strict and made you feel bad. And it was just awesome. I thought she was just wonderful. So she says, John, Jeff, we're having steak tonight. So you get milk. Michael, we're having steak. You want juice or water? So the respect level in the 60s that she knew enough. I wasn't allowed in a country club they belonged to because I was Jewish at that time. But she knew enough about being respectful to me to know that I had to have water or juice because I couldn't have milk. Soda pop wasn't part of meals, by the way, that in the 60s. And so, um. Yeah. Is that helpful? Yeah, a little bit. I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2827.25,2894.24"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S7:\u003c/strong\u003e just I don't know how you couldn't. Yeah. It's just. Good","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2894.24,2899.48"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e question. Okay, give me some. More.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2899.48,2902.84"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S5:\u003c/strong\u003e Did either of your parents have any long term health effects from the. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2902.92,2907.36"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e they were analyzed after. So did my parents ever have any long term health effects? Uh. Physically shocking. My dad's 92 years old, right? Okay. So I don't know how that works. Um, medicine, pharmacy, good health, good diet, I don't know. He tried to exercise, uh, a lot. So maybe that had something to do it mentally. Different story. So they were evaluated by psychiatrists and psychologists and um, and let's be frank here, my dad and mom both um, both got my mom got my dad gets some retribution from the German government. It's not a lot. I think my dad gets a couple hundred bucks a month. And so, um, they had to get analyzed by German psychologist in Chicago, German psychiatrist in Chicago, and said to him, David, in one year's time, you will be better, but you will still never be great. I don't recall my dad waking up with night terrors. My brother says he remembers my dad waking up with some of those night terrors. My dad was really focused. He really focused on work. He focused on earning money. He focused on his family life. And that was really it. So work is a good diversion. So whenever I get down in the dumps or something bad happens in my life, I know work is a good diversion. So all of you, whatever you guys do and all of these great companies that I see on your tables, which are wonderful companies. Um, whenever you get down in the dumps, go to work. This is typically a pretty good, pretty good way of getting you out of the slump. And so my dad would do the same thing, I think. Um, so yes, psychologically, I think things where my mom putting a pillow under my brother's tush when he was sitting on a corner because she thought the curb was too cold and it was going to give him a kidney infection, I'm like, where did she get this? She's like, wow. And then, of course, embarrassing the shit out of the kid, right? So the buddies are there and they're all like, what are you doing? Your mom putting a pillow on your butt. It's like, oh, man, that kid, he was not. He was ruined for life. How","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2907.8,3020.81"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S7:\u003c/strong\u003e much. Time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=3020.81,3021.53"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e did your parents. Spend","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=3021.57,3023.17"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S7:\u003c/strong\u003e at Auschwitz? So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=3023.29,3024.77"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e my mom never went through Auschwitz, but my dad did. And I want to say, I think my dad says it was probably a year. About a year. He saw a quick story. He saw a man, big, strapping, handsome man. That was my brother's. My dad's brother's friend. So remember, my dad was the youngest in the family of four kids, right? Two girls, two boys. My dad was the youngest boy. And so this man comes walking out of barrack ten and says to my dad, David, you know, I recommended you, David. You're. You know, Abraham's son. You're Abraham's brother. He said yes. And my dad says, what? Where'd you come from? You look like you're pale. What's going on? And he says, I just came from there. Ten. They castrated me and my dad didn't. He's a young man. He didn't understand that today, maybe 13 year olds in America know what that means, right? We know a lot more than they knew. Um, sex was a word they never would have talked about back then, of course. And so he didn't understand it, and he asked him what he mean. And then he told him, and my dad says in English, but he was really Polish and said to him, what happened to him and why they did it? And he said they didn't want to, they wanted to do tests on me. And and they did this to the women as well. They would take out the ovaries and of course, no anesthesia. And it was just really awful. And this man shared with my dad what was going on. So my dad knew right then because he said, I've got to get out of here because in some way I've got to get out of here. I'm just too close to that barrack. I mean, they could have just pulled him in at any moment. So he said, I need to get out of here. So he ended up getting moved to Dachau, which was just a couple of kilometers away from Auschwitz. So he knew enough about that. He knew it was really bad. And come on, when you see a smokestack and smells and put us in those kind of places, right? You know, talking about it, reading it, you don't get the feel, right. You don't get the temperature. You don't get the smell, the smells right. Your olfactory nerves aren't working, so you don't know. I wonder what it was like waking up at. You're getting forced to wake up at five in the morning, stand in line in the weather, whatever even the weather was, and smelling burning flesh all day long from the crematoria. I don't know what that's like, I really don't. And so, um. But it's funny that growing up. I'll share this with you. I growing up, I would look at people, friends of mine or acquaintances or even prospective clients in my businesses and I would wonder, would they be a survivor? I know my wife would be a survivor. I know I'm a pussy. Like I was getting a paper cut. I don't know if I would, she would be a survivor. My kids would be survivors. I don't know if I would be Carol. I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=3024.81,3185.21"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S4:\u003c/strong\u003e just want to share. Comment. I grew up across the street from a rabbi and his family, and his wife was a survivor, and she she was not thriving, um, in the American culture, nor was she handling her, um, recovery. She was kind of a mess. Yeah. And I remember she would come over to our house, and my mom and her would drink coffee, smoke cigarettes. Yeah. They, you know, they weren't allowed in the kitchen when that conversation was going on to play outside, right? But, um, lots of crying, lots of sobbing. Yeah. Um. Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=3185.25,3228.88"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e my mom had that, too. You gotta remember, I my mom was a young mom. Right. All of our moms, we only have one mother, and we only have one father. So that's why I devote my time to my dad. And I devoted my time to my mom because I only had one mother and my father. And I have to tell you, we all do. Uh, whatever the relationship is you have with them, if it's a good relationship, make it great. If it's a shitty relationship, make it better. Um, because you only have one mom and dad. And so, um, not to be a, you know, psychotherapy program here, but call them because, you know, you're lucky to have them. And I remember some of those conversations, too. My mom would sit in the kitchen because my mom's breakfast was melba toast, orange marmalade coffee and Kent cigarettes, and about 930 in the morning because she worked from home. That's what she did. Me? I had a Hershey bar and a Hershey bar and a Scooby jar. That's what I have for breakfast. She really. I mean, it was really crazy. She can kind of do what I wanted to do. That was terrible. I had to jump on trains and steal the radios out of GM cars. It was crazy. We sold them. Sold them in high school. Now, mind you guys, I'm here today. So I'm telling you, this is a bad, bad boy. Then I went to pharmacy school and everything was great. So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=3228.88,3297.5"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e Um,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=3298.14,3298.62"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e you know. So. Yeah, so obviously, maybe something didn't affect me, but it was hard. I remember my mom and her sisters. They lived life. Let me tell you something about living life. They knew what life was to be lived. They enjoyed it daily. And I. I struggled with that a little bit, too. I don't, but, um, we should, you know, you think about it. What? How could you not have a better life than that? And so they really appreciate it. And and America is a big, big deal. My dad my dad loves America. And he'll tell you today. He said it is the greatest country in the world. We have our issues. We have our problems. What? He says it is still the best country in the world. So I would say that there's room for one more question or not. We're good to go. Done with me. Call me back. I'll answer whatever.  please share my contact information. Are","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=3299.3,3347.41"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e you available to stick around for a little bit, or if. You","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=3347.41,3349.85"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e divide it, I would be delighted to stick around, but I wanted to give this book to you because it's actually quite in West Des Moines. So there's a woman, Deb Bowen. Bowen, who is a publisher. She reached out to my dad and said, we want to write a book about you. We want to write a book for school children. So this book was used and currently is the first book in the country was in the 1902 one school district. So in Hollywood took this book to use for Holocaust education. And so Deb Bowen, who's the creator of a book by me, this is book number. And I'm not here to tell you that book number 86, she probably has 100 of these. In fact, she's doing one on Gene Simmons, who's coming here with one in September. My dad, he's also like me as a child of Holocaust survivors. And so Sidney Pearl, who's a student in West Des Moines schools, and Danny Lipman, who's a student at Western schools, helped create this book. So, Deb, um, gave Sidney Pearl a writing coach, to help her write and gave Danny Lipman, um, a graphic design person to help her work with that. So the graphics are from Danny and the writing is from Sidney. And this is the book. And so it's meant to be a West Wing children that have written this book. So I'm going to give this to you. Thank","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=3349.85,3422.23"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S7:\u003c/strong\u003e you. Thank","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=3422.23,3423.19"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S4:\u003c/strong\u003e  you so much. Thank","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=3423.19,3431.83"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e you so much. You're","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=3431.83,3432.63"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S2:\u003c/strong\u003e welcome. My pleasure. Enjoy the rest of the day, everybody. And seriously, uh, reach out to me. Whatever. I'm delighted to answer questions or visit or whatever. My door's always open. Take care. So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=3432.63,3445.07"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/transcript/87301/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSPEAKER_S1:\u003c/strong\u003e the next part of our day is we, uh, they have a museum downstairs. Um, with some.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=3445.11,3450.47"}]},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Auto-generated Index (2025-08-31 21:59:48) [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Introduction and Setting the Stage","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=0.0,63.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The session opens with an introduction to the speaker, the context of the event, and the purpose of sharing stories. The audience is encouraged to ask challenging questions, and a video of the speaker's father, a Holocaust survivor, is introduced to set the tone for the discussion.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=0.0,63.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David's Holocaust Story (Video and Immediate Reflections)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=63.0,202.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The video features David, the speaker's father, recounting his experiences during the Holocaust, including the loss of his mother and his own survival. The speaker reflects on his father's resilience, recent medical procedures, and the contrast between their responses to pain, highlighting his father's enduring strength and positive outlook.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=63.0,202.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family Background and Holocaust Experiences","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=202.0,280.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The speaker provides background on both parents, detailing their experiences as Holocaust survivors. He describes the fate of his mother's siblings, the process of coming to America, and the hardships faced during and after the war. The narrative includes the differences in family wealth and the traumatic events that shaped their lives.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=202.0,280.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Life in America and Family Growth","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=280.0,906.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"After arriving in America, the family settles in Cleveland, Ohio, where the parents work hard to build a new life. The speaker discusses the importance of learning a trade, the value placed on education, and the family's efforts to assimilate and thrive in their new environment. The speaker also reflects on the generational impact of survival and the family's commitment to growth and productivity.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=280.0,906.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Later Years, Family Expansion, and Current Life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=906.0,1083.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The speaker recounts the family's later years, including his mother's decline due to Alzheimer's, the logistics of moving her, and her eventual passing. He updates the audience on the current status of his father, his own children, and his brother's family, emphasizing the ongoing legacy and achievements of the family in America.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=906.0,1083.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish Traditions, Storytelling, and the 'Lucky Lie'","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=1083.0,1392.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Responding to audience questions, the speaker discusses the role of storytelling and Jewish traditions in his family, including keeping kosher and the significance of faith. He explains the importance of the number 18 in Judaism, how his father's Auschwitz tattoo adds up to 18, and the story behind the 'Lucky Lie' that helped his father survive the selection process in the camps.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=1083.0,1392.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Community, Careers, and Family Achievements","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=1392.0,1661.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The family moves to Gary, Indiana, where they live close to relatives and start a grocery business. The speaker describes the family's entrepreneurial spirit, the educational paths of himself and his brother, and the differences between them. The narrative highlights the family's integration into American society and their pursuit of success through hard work and education.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=1392.0,1661.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Stories of Survival: Mother’s Experiences and Family Heirlooms","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=1661.0,1837.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The speaker shares stories about his mother's survival, including an incident where she stole bread from a soldier and used family diamonds to barter for food. He describes how these diamonds became family heirlooms, used as engagement rings, and reflects on the resourcefulness and determination that characterized his mother's approach to survival.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=1661.0,1837.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Discovering Family History and Childhood Realizations","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=1837.0,2002.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The speaker discusses his realization as a child that his family was different due to their Holocaust experiences. He describes the languages spoken at home, the protective nature of his mother, and the differences in upbringing between himself and his brother. The speaker also reflects on how the family's social circle consisted largely of other survivors.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=1837.0,2002.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Returning to Europe and Feelings about Poland","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2002.0,2098.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The speaker addresses whether he or his parents have returned to Auschwitz or Poland. He shares that his parents visited their hometowns and former properties, but he himself has no desire to visit Poland due to lingering negative feelings and a sense of disconnect from the place where so much trauma occurred.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2002.0,2098.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Forgiveness and Attitude Toward the Past","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2098.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The speaker reflects on his father's remarkable ability to forgive, contrasting it with his own struggles to let go of minor grievances. He describes how his father's attitude has inspired others, including visitors from different faiths, and emphasizes the uniqueness and strength required to truly forgive after such traumatic experiences.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2098.0,2190.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hardest Stories and Psychological Impact","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2190.0,2433.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The speaker recounts the most difficult stories his parents shared, including the trauma of handling bodies in the camps and the prevalence of disease and death. 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He shares that his father saw Hitler from a distance and discusses the economic and social conditions that enabled the rise of such destructive leadership.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2433.0,2597.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Parents’ Relationship and Survivor Community","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2597.0,2816.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The speaker explains how his parents, who were distant cousins, met before and after the war, eventually reconnecting in a displaced persons camp. He describes the survivor community, the importance of shared experiences, and touches on the issue of Holocaust denial, emphasizing the importance of bearing witness.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2597.0,2816.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Attitudes Toward Germans and Diversity","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2816.0,2902.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The speaker discusses his and his family's attitudes toward Germans, distinguishing between Nazis and ordinary Germans. He shares stories of inclusion and respect from his childhood, interactions with people of different backgrounds, and the challenges of overcoming prejudice while maintaining cultural identity.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2816.0,2902.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Long-Term Health Effects and Coping Mechanisms","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2902.0,3020.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The speaker addresses the long-term health effects of the Holocaust on his parents, noting their surprising physical resilience but acknowledging psychological scars. He describes how work served as a coping mechanism and how certain behaviors, such as overprotectiveness, were shaped by trauma.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=2902.0,3020.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Time in Auschwitz and Camp Experiences","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=3020.0,3184.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The speaker details his father's time in Auschwitz, including encounters with medical experimentation, the constant threat of death, and the sensory horrors of camp life. He reflects on the difficulty of truly understanding these experiences and questions his own ability to survive such conditions.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=3020.0,3184.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Living with Trauma, Family, and American Life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=3184.0,3347.0"},{"id":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973/index/90248/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"An audience member shares a personal story about a survivor struggling to adapt to American life, prompting the speaker to reflect on his own family's experiences. 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The speaker offers to answer further questions, encourages ongoing dialogue, and expresses gratitude to the audience, reinforcing the importance of sharing and preserving these stories.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ijhs.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1537/collection_resources/163691/file/297973#t=3347.0,3451.49867"}]}]}]}